The outbreak of novel corona virus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 in Wuhan, China caused a worldwide pandemic. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers were responsible for the transmission of the diseases. Many studies showed high infectivity of the virus. It is therefore urgent to control the transmission of the virus and treat patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Many evidences have suggested that involvement of human hyperactivation and severe acute respiratory syndrome plays an important role in pathogenesis of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Therefore, repurposing of approved drugs has been used to tackle COVID-19 as the pharmacokinetic and safety profile of these drugs are known. Several immunomodulatory drugs such as disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) have been proposed as potential therapies for treatment of COVID-19. In this Review we discuss human immune response to virus, pathogenesis of COVID-19 and potential drugs for COVID-19.

Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are defined as any harmful or unpleasant events or injuries resulting from the use of any particular drug. Among those antibiotics that cause adverse reactions, amoxicillin is one of them. Catatonia and vasculitic rash are its rare adverse effects. Case Presentation: A case of a 23-year-old postpartum female with a history of taking empirical Amoxiclav (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 625mg) injection and oral tablets for episiotomy wounds. She presented with altered sensorium and fever followed by maculopapular rash and with examination findings of generalized rigidity with waxy flexibility that improved by lorazepam challenge; diagnosed as catatonia. On evaluation, amoxicillin was found to be precipitating catatonia in this patient. Conclusion: Since the diagnosis of catatonia is often missed, any cases with clinical presentation of fever, rash, altered sensorium, and generalized rigidity should also be suspected for drug-induced ADR and the precipitating factor should be searched for.