Strengthening the mental health education of primary and middle school students is a key measure to lead their healthy growth. This paper takes mental health early warning as the starting point to carry out research on mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Aiming at the defect that the existing methods cannot effectively warn the mental health of primary and secondary school students, this paper proposes a mental health early warning research method based on the deep learning models. The method firstly obtains the mental health data of college students through the symptom self-rating scale. Then, a mental health prediction model combining convolutional neural networks (CNN), deep residual networks (ResNet), and long short-term memory (LSTM) is adopted. Through in-depth processing and analysis of mental health data, the mental health status of students can be determined. Experiments show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of mental health early warning compared with the currently commonly used mental health early warning methods.