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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered a suitable cell therapy option for cancer due to their high migration rate to the tumor site. background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common cancer worldwide. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has been thought that a suitable cell therapy option for cancer due to its high migration rate to the tumor site. Objectives: The study aimed to compare the effects of human umbilical cord blood derived-MSC (UC-MSC) and human Wharton’s Jelly derived-MSC (WJ-MSC) on the HT-29 cell line. objective: In this preliminary work, we compared the effects of UC-MSC and WJ-MSC on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Methods: UC-MSC was obtained by Ficoll-Paque density gradient and WJ-MSC by explant method. The characterizations of MSCs and apoptosis assays were performed by flow cytometry, and caspase-3 protein levels were measured by ELISA. method: UC-MSC was obtained by ficoll-paque density gradient and WJ-MSC by explant method. 24-transwell culture system was used. The characterizations of MSCs and apoptosis assays were performed by flow cytometry and caspase-3 protein levels were measured by ELISA. Results: After 72 hours of HT-29 cancer cells incubation, it was indicated that WJ-MSC was more effective at 1:5 and 1:10 ratios. Similar results were found for caspase-3 by ELISA. Moreover, WJ-MSC (1:5, p<0.006; 1:10, p<0.007) was found to be more effective at both doses compared to UC-MSC. Conclusion: In this study, we used two different MSC sources at two different ratios to evaluate the apoptotic effect of MSC in vitro on HT-29 CRC cells. As a result, WJ-MSC indicated a more apoptotic effect on HT-29 cells compared to CB-MSC. We anticipated that this preliminary in vitro study would be extended in future in vitro/in vivo studies. Moreover, investigating the behavior of MSC in colorectal tumor microenvironment will be beneficial for the stem cell therapy approach.

Colorectal cancer is the most common tumor of the gastrointestinal system. The conventional treatment options of colorectal cancer are troublesome for both patients and clinicians. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been the novel focus for cell therapy due to its migration to tumor sites. In this study, the apoptotic effect of MSCs on colorectal cancer cell lines has been aimed. were selected as the colorectal cancer cell lines. Human umbilical cord blood and Wharton's jelly were used as mesenchymal stem cell sources. To discriminate against the apoptotic effect of MSC on cancer, we also used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as a healthy control group. Cord blood-MSC and PBMC were obtained by coll-paque density gradient, and Wharton's jelly-MSC by explant method.Transwell co-culture systems were used as cancer cells or PBMC/MSCs at ratios of 1/5 and 1/10, incubation times of 24 hours and 72 hours. The Annexin V/PI-FITC based apoptosis assay was performed by ow cytometry. Caspase-3 and HTRA2/Omi proteins were measured by ELISA. For both ratios in both cancer cells, it was found that the apoptotic effect of Wharton's jelly-MSC was signi cantly higher in 72-hour incubations (p<0.006), whereas the effect of cord blood mesenchymal stem cell in 24hour incubations were higher (p<0.007). In this study, we showed that human cord blood and tissue derived MSCs treatment led colorectal cancers to apoptosis. We anticipate that further in vivo studies may shed light on the apoptotic effect of MSC. *For PBMC and MSCs treatment comparison, Wilcoxon test were used. The signi cance value was determined as p<0.05.Table 2 The comparison of HTRA2/Omi related to change of MSC sources

Objectives Sequence variants in cytokine genes are related to affect cytokine gene levels. In this study, it was aimed to examine eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five cytokine genes (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-6, IL10, TGF-β) for the Turkish population living in Marmara region and to reveal the genetic distance between the study group and other populations. Methods In this study, three-hundred unrelated healthy individuals were involved and all genotyping were performed by using sequence-specific primers PCR (PCR-SSP) method. The SNP data were analyzed for Hardy Weinberg equilibrium fit by calculating expected genotype frequencies and comparing them to the observed values using Arlequin software version 3.1. The genetic distances between the study group and other populations were calculated and a neighbor-joining tree was constructed by PHYLIP. Results The observed genotypes of TNF-α (−308), IFN-γ (+874), TGF-β (codon 10), and TGF-β (codon 25) of the subjects were found to be similar with other populations investigated in this study. However, there is a significant frequency difference for IL-6 and IL-10 genotypes between populations. Conclusions The current population study provided more reference values for these polymorphisms and generated a control group to be used in further association studies especially for transplantation, GVHD, autoimmune and malign disease.