Di Indonesia, dana untuk pembangunan dapat diperoleh atas pemungutan pajak sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan utama negara. Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) adalah salah satu sektor perekonomian yang memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber pendapatan negara melalui pemungutan pajak. Untuk itu pemerintah menerbitkan Peraturan Pemerintah yang mengatur tarif Pajak Penghasilan yang bersifat final kepada UMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan penurunan pajak penghasilan terhadap tingkat kepatuhan UMKM sebagai Wajib Pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Penelitian ini menunjukan adanya kebijakan mengenai tarif pajak penghasilan UMKM sebesar 1% melalui Peraturan Pemerintah No. 46 tahun 2013. Namun, berlakunya peraturan ini mengalami pro dan kontra dikalangan masyarakat. Akibatnya pada tahun 2018 pemerintah merubah besaran tarif pajak sebesar 0,5% melalui Peraturan Pemerintah No. 23 Tahun 2018. Kebijakan mengenai penurunan tarif pajak penghasilan bagi UMKM ini memberikan pengaruh terhadap tingkat kepatuhan UMKM sebagai Wajib Pajak. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Semarang Barat menunjukan adanya peningkatan kepatuhan pelaku UMKM dalam melakukan kewajiban pajaknya.
The existence of cooperatives has an important meaning for the welfare state of Indonesia. As a nation that was colonized for a long time, cooperatives as one of the implementations of a people's economy became a systematic effort to correct the economic structure of a colonial style. In this study examines the legal policies of cooperative arrangements from various eras in Indonesia. This research is normative legal research with secondary data. This research shows that the existence and development of cooperatives experience ups and downs in their legal policies. The colonial period of cooperative arrangements merely regulates cooperatives in existence and makes cooperatives one of the business actors. During the independence period, the aim of cooperatives was as a people's economic movement which was expected to be able to equalize welfare. Unfortunately, cooperatives in the old and new order regimes were used as political tools to perpetuate government power. During the reform period, the regulation of cooperatives was getting worse because it made cooperatives like companies pursuing mere profits.
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