Background The use of simulation games (SG) to assess the clinical competence of medical students has been poorly studied. Objective The objective of this study was to assess whether an SG better reflects the clinical competence of medical students than a multiple choice questionnaire (MCQ). Methods Fifth-year medical students in Paris (France) were included and individually evaluated on a case of pediatric asthma exacerbation using three successive modalities: high-fidelity simulation (HFS), considered the gold standard for the evaluation of clinical competence, the SG Effic’Asthme, and an MCQ designed for the study. The primary endpoint was the median kappa coefficient evaluating the correlation of the actions performed by the students between the SG and HFS modalities and the MCQ and HFS modalities. Student satisfaction was also evaluated. Results Forty-two students were included. The actions performed by the students were more reproducible between the SG and HFS modalities than between the MCQ and HFS modalities (P=.04). Students reported significantly higher satisfaction with the SG (P<.01) than with the MCQ modality. Conclusions The SG Effic’Asthme better reflected the actions performed by medical students during an HFS session than an MCQ on the same asthma exacerbation case. Because SGs allow the assessment of more dimensions of clinical competence than MCQs, they are particularly appropriate for the assessment of medical students on situations involving symptom recognition, prioritization of decisions, and technical skills. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03884114; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03884114

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BACKGROUND The use of simulation games (SG) to assess the clinical competence of medical students has been poorly studied. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess whether a SG better reflects the clinical competence of medical students than a multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ). METHODS Fifth-year medical students in Paris (France) were included and individually evaluated on a case of pediatric asthma exacerbation using three successive modalities: high-fidelity simulation (HFS), considered as the gold-standard for the evaluation of clinical competence, the SG Effic’Asthme, and an MCQ designed for the study. The primary endpoint was the median kappa coefficient evaluating the correlation of the actions performed by the students between the SG and HFS modalities on the one hand, and between the MCQ and HFS on the other hand. Student’s satisfaction was also evaluated. RESULTS Forty-two students were included. The actions performed by the students were more reproducible between the SG and HFS modalities than between the MCQ and HFS modalities (p=0.04). Students reported significantly higher satisfaction with the SG (p<0.01) than with the MCQ modality. CONCLUSIONS The SG Effic’Asthme better reflected the actions performed by medical students during an HFS session than an MCQ on the same asthma exacerbation case. Our results suggest that SGs can be considered as an additional modality to assess the clinical competence of medical students. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT03884114).