The use of Natural Growth Promoters (NGP) in phytobiotics as a substitute for Antibiotics Growth Promoters (AGP) is being intensively used by utilizing Indonesian herbal medicinal plants in the form of herbal pulp to spur growth, increase feed efficiency and productivity and suppress feed conversion. This study aimed to obtain information about the complex of calcium and herbal pulp in the feed ration of ducks to blood profile (hematocrit, haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes and leukocyte differentiation (lymphocytes, heterophile, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and H / L ratios)). This study used 120 24-week-old mojosari laying ducks with cages randomly divided into 6 treatments with 4 tests (5 mojosari ducks each). The treatment in this study consisted of: P0 (basal feed without antibiotics), P1 (basal feed + antibiotics (zinc bacitracin) 0.1%), P2 (basal feed + phytobiotic calcium 0.25%), P3 (basal feed + phytobiotic calcium 0.5%), P4 (basal feed + phytobiotic calcium 0.75%) and P5 (basalt feed + calcium phytobiotics 1%). Treatment feeding for 60 days. Samples are collected at the end of the study period for a complete blood test. Statistical data analysis using one-way ANOVA, if it has a real effect, will be followed by Duncan's further test with data visualization using the Prism application. The results showed that the complex administration of calcium and phytobiotic herbal pulp in the feed did not significantly affect the value of hematocrit, haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and leukocyte differentiation compared to the control (P>0.05). Based on the study results, it was concluded that the administration of calcium pulp of phytobiotic herbs in feed with different levels for 60 days did not affect the blood profile of mojosari laying ducks, but the condition was still in normal physiology. Keywords: Calcium and Blood profile; Herbs pulp; Phytobiotics; Mojosari laying ducks. Abstrak             Penggunaan Natural Growth Promotor (NGP) dalam fitobiotik sebagai pengganti Antibiotics Growth Promoters (AGP) sedang gencar digunakan dengan memanfaatkan tanaman obat herbal Indonesia berupa ampas jamu untuk memacu pertumbuhan, meningkatkan efisiensi pakan dan produktivita serta menekan konversi pakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang kompleks kalsium dan ampas jamu di dalam ransum pakan itik terhadap gambaran profil darah (hematokrit, hemoglobin, eritrosit, leukosit dan diferensisasi leukosit (limfosit, heterofil, monosit, eosinophil, basophil dan rasio H/L)). Penelitian ini menggunakan 120 ekor itik petelur mojosari fase layer berumur 24 minggu dengan kandang postal yang secara acak di bagi menjadi 6 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan (masing-masing perlakuan 5 ekor itik mojosari). Perlakuan pada penelitian ini terdiri atas: P0 (pakan basal tanpa antibiotik), P1 (pakan basal + antibiotik (zinc bacitracin) 0,1%), P2 (pakan basal + kalsium fitobiotik 0,25%), P3 (pakan basal + kalsium fitobiotik 0,5%), P4 (pakan basal + kalsium fitobiotik 0,75%) dan P5 (pakan basal + kalsium fitobiotik 1%). Pemberian pakan perlakuan selama 60 hari. Sampel dikoleksi akhir periode penelitian untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan darah lengkap. Analisis data secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA one way, jika berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan dengan visualisasi data menggunakan aplikasi Prism. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kalsium ampas jamu fitobiotik didalam pakan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai hematokrit, hemoglobin, eritrosit, leukosit dan diferensisasi leukosit dibanding kontrol (P>0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian kalsium ampas jamu fitobiotik didalam pakan dengan level berbeda selama 60 hari tidak berpengaruh terhadap profil darah itik petelur mojosari tetapi kondisi tersebut masih dalam fisiologis normal. Kata kunci: Ampas jamu; Fitobiotik; Itik petelur mojosari; Kalsium dan Profil darah.

Inflammation is a defensive response to tissue damage, infectious agents, and injury. Necrotic enteritis is an inflammatory response induced by pathogenic bacteria invading the intestines of Mojosari ducks (Anas javanica). In contrast, excessive nitric oxide production by inducible nitric oxide synthase during inflammatory processes can cause significant intestinal tissue damage and cellular toxicity. Oxyresveratrol is an active compound of Morus alba that has been known to have antioxidant activity and can suppress the inflammatory process, inhibiting the increased expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). However, unfortunately, this plant is not endemic to Indonesia, so using native Indonesian spices that can be a substitute for oxyresveratrol is necessary. The docking results from nine Indonesian phytogenic blends interacting with NOS revealed that cynaroside from the Piper betle L. plant might be utilized instead of oxyresveratrol as an anti-inflammatory drug via the inhibitory pathway of nitric oxide synthase protein. The docking results showed that from the nine compounds tested, it can be concluded that three compounds were found that are better than the control compound (oxyresveratrol) in terms of binding affinity (energy) and the type of hydrogen bonds bond in amino acid proteins that are equal to the amount more than all compounds tested. The three compounds are cynaroside compounds from Piper betle L. with a binding energy of -9.4 kcal / mol and a Conventional Hydrogen bond type GLU(B):761, GLU(A):761, curcumin compounds from Curcuma longa L. with a binding energy of -8.6 kcal/mol and Conventional Hydrogen bond type GLN(A):760, GLN(B):760 and compound 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata with binding energy -8.8 kcal/mol and Conventional Hydrogen bond type GLU(B):761 can be used instead of oxyresveratrol as an anti-inflammatory agent through the inhibition pathway of Nitric Oxide Synthase protein (NOS) Key words: Anas javanica, Anti-inflammatory, Cynaroside, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Phytogenic blends.

Penggunaan Natural Growth Promotor (NGP) dalam fitobiotik sebagai pengganti Antibiotics Growth Promoters (AGP) sedang gencar digunakan dengan memanfaatkan tanaman obat herbal Indonesia berupa ampas jamu untuk memacu pertumbuhan, meningkatkan efisiensi pakan dan produktivitas serta menekan konversi pakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang kompleks kalsium dan ampas jamu di dalam ransum pakan itik pada deskripsi diferensisasi leukosit (limfosit, heterofil, monosit, eosinophil, basophil dan rasio H/L). Materi dalam penelitian menggunakan 120 ekor itik petelur mojosari fase bertelur umur 24 minggu, kandang jenis postal yang secara acak di bagi menjadi enam perlakuan empat ulangan dengan masing-masing lima ekor itik pada setiap perlakuan. Penelitian ini terdiri atas perlakuan: P0 (pakan tanpa perlakuan dan tanpa antibiotik), P1 (pakan tanpa perlakuan dan antibiotik zinc bacitracin 0,25%), P2 (pakan tanpa perlakuan + kalsium ampas jamu 0,25%), P3 (pakan tanpa perlakuan + kalsium ampas jamu 0,5%), P4 (pakan tanpa perlakuan + kalsium ampas jamu 0,75%) dan P5 (pakan tanpa perlakuan + kalsium ampas jamu 1%). Pakan perlakuan dalam penelitian ini di berikan selama 60 hari. Di akhir masa penelitian, sampel diambil untuk pemeriksaan darah lengkap. Analisis ANOVA oneway digunakan untuk analisis statistik data. Efek signifikan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan sebagai uji lanjut dan data divisualisasikan menggunakan aplikasi prism. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penambahan kalsium dan ampas jamu tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai leukosit dan diferensial leukosit terdiri dari (limfosit, heterofil, monosit, eosinophil, basophil dan rasio H/L). Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan penambahan kompleks kalsium dan ampas jamu di dalam pakan dengan konsentrasi berbeda selama 60 hari tidak berpengaruh terhadap diferensial leukosit itik petelur mojosari, meskipun kondisi tersebut secara fisiologi masih normal.

Mojosari ducks (Anas javanica) is native Indonesia laying ducks was a egg producing type with quite high egg production, must be maintain body weight to propotional condition as laying duck. If the body weight surpasses normal, it can lead to obesity and reduce the eggs quality. One of the proteins closely related to obesity and hyperglycemia is GLP1R (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor). The increase in GLP1R activity by one of the compounds that have been widely researched is loureirin B. Interaction between loureirin B and GLP1R increases insulin production in the body so that hyperglycemia and body weight can be controlled properly. Exploration of phytobiotic compounds from Indonesia is needed to find the substitution of loureirin B as an anti-obesity agent. According to the findings of in silico study (protein modeling and molecular docking), cynaroside (-9.2 kcal/mol), 14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (-9.1 kcal/mol), rutin (-8.8 kcal/mol), andrographidine E (-8.6 kcal/mol), and cianidanol (-7.8 kcal/mol) had stronger binding affinity than loureirin B (-7.4 kcal/mol). Andrographidine E, derived from the plant Andrographis paniculata, is the best candidate for GLP1R agonist. The binding affinity that Andrographidine E has is lower than control compounds, so it is easier for bonds to occur between proteins and such compounds. In addition, the interacting amino acids do not have unfavourable bonds that make it more stable than other candidates. Results from clinical studies show that the use of A. paniculata can reduce glucose levels. Key words: Anas javanica, Anti-obesity, GLP-1R agonist, Indonesian phytobiotics, In silico

Feed additives is important to improve the appearance of duck production. The purpose of this study was to determine the weight and proportion of Mojosari Laying Duck carcass parts that contained calcium phytobiotics. Twenty-four flocks of 120 mojosari laying ducks (24-week-old) were used. Variation Analysis was used to statistically examine the data (ANOVA). Duncan's Multiple Distance Test is used if the study's data show a substantial difference between treatments. A Complete Randomized Design is employed using 6 treatments and 4 tests, each containing 5 mojosari laying ducks. Treatment (P0) is the control feed, (P1) is the control feed plus zinc bacitracin, (P2) is the control feed plus phytobiotics 0.25%, (P3) is the control feed plus phytobiotics 0.50%, (P4) is the control feed plus phytobiotics 0.75%, and (P5) is the control feed plus 1% phytobiotics. The findings demonstrated that the addition of phytobiotic calcium did not significantly affect carcass weight or the percentage of carcass parts (P>0.05). However, (P2) increased the carcass weight compared to the control meal. Weight of the carcass produced is 792.50±91.06 – 972.50±86.84. The percentage of carcasses is 50±0.05 - 57±0.07. The percentage of back pieces was 32.19±1.54 – 36.32±2.94. The percentage of chest pieces was 7.26±0.84 – 8.63±0.97. The percentage of wing pieces was 14.46±0.48 – 13.63±1.93. The percentage of upper thigh pieces produced was 9.50±0.82 – 10.35±2.31, and the percentage of lower thigh pieces was 11.48±0.91 – 13.34±1.97. Results showed that the addition of phytobiotic calcium did not significantly affect the proportion of parts and carcass weight (P>0.05).