The article shows that when dealing with many enterprises in mining areas, it is necessary to search for methods of efficiency, ways of maximizing the utility of their operation in accordance with the requirements for the consumption of useful mineral substances, primary energy resources and energy and in relation to their production potential. Clustering in the complex system of mining and energy resources is an approach that refers to geographical concentrations of interconnected companies and institutions in a certain field (mining and energy), related industries and entities for competition. Mainly, the authors deal with issues related to conceptual approaches related to clustering, anthropogenic impacts and mining/energy clustering, the delimitation of “clusters - links - infrastructure” alignments for the promotion of the mining and energy industry / economy in a collaborative regime. The conclusions are useful to the developers of strategies, tactics and programs in the field of the new industry and mining/energy economies in Romania and in other reference countries studied by the authors from the perspective of the article’s theme.

In the field of underground and surface mining, offshore and onshore exploitation, hydrocarbon distribution, associations of circularity activities are required taking into account the protection of the environment, the safety and security of people, deposits and objectives in the specific productive infrastructures, as well as the responsibility in the regulatory/legislative framework assumed by directives, laws, rules and norms. The circular economy implies the transition to an eco-industry based on reducing the consumption of energy and raw materials, in which mining waste, municipal waste (in fact, all categories of waste, including hazardous waste) have destinations established from the design phases, being included in the cyclical spiral of reuse. The authors emphasize that in this framework, the waste/residues that appear in an exploitation/manufacturing process represent raw materials for other processes. The article deals with aspects related to the technological and managerial consistency in the problem of waste, Refuse-Derived Fuel, co-processing of waste in cement factories, the industrialization of waste for RDF through mechanical, biological treatment and advances the investment proposal of Unit for Advanced Energo-Thermal Treatment of Waste. It is concluded that regarding the industrialization of mining waste and energy in the circular economy, roadmaps are needed for the introduction and development of waste management / (Roadmap to Improve Waste Management) in Romania and other interested countries.