Objetivo: caracterizar los parámetros que determinan la calidad de los vinos de la variedad Tempranillo elaborados con uvas provenientes de tres zonas geográficas del estado de Chihuahua, México. Metodología: se determinó la calidad en vinos de doce meses de maduración, obtenidos de uvas producidas en tres viñedos: Faciatec, Hacienda Bustillos y Paralelo Meridiano; se les efectuaron análisis fisicoquímicos, acidez total titulable (ATT), índice de polifenoles totales, así como composición del color; evaluados en un diseño de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. Resultados: el pH y ATT, se presentaron niveles óptimos para vinificación, sin embargo, la acidez volátil presenta niveles bajos; el vino con mayor grado alcohólico y composición fenólica, fue el vinificado con bayas del viñedo Faciatec, es apropiado para envejecer, además por sus características cromáticas y sensoriales, presentó mayor tonalidad. Limitaciones: condiciones climáticas prevalecientes durante el periodo de estudio y falta de vigilancia de entrada de personas a los viñedos. Conclusiones: la altura sobre el nivel del mar, temperatura y precipitación durante la madurez de las bayas, influyen en la vinificación, al impactar en las características fenólicas y cromáticas del vino, por lo tanto, el que proviene del viñedo de Faciatec, probablemente, sea el más apto para añejamiento en barrica, y el resto para vinos jóvenes.
In Chihuahua, Mexico, the cultivation of vines (Vitis vinifera L.) Tempranillo variety was established, in order to have options for growing grapes for wine, since it has climates suitable for the cultivation of this species and this allows obtaining crops that meet with the specifications for vinification; where the objective of the present study was to determine the technological maturity and characterize the phenolic composition of grapes of the Tempranillo variety, to specify the harvest date (harvest), weight of berries and their components in Chihuahua, Mexico; made in 2016, in three vineyards: one located in the municipality of Aldama (Pasado Meridiano) and two in the municipality of Cuauhtémoc (FACIATEC and Hacienda Bustillos). The experimental design was randomized complete blocks; the samplings were carried out weekly, from the beginning of the veraison (ripening) until the harvest; Chemical analyzes were carried out: soluble solids (°Brix), total titratable acidity (ATT) and pH, to monitor technological maturity; In addition, the total polyphenol index (phenolic maturation) was quantified. The optimum result in berry quality for vinification was presented by the vineyards located in the municipality of Cuauhtémoc (FACIATEC) and H. Bustillos; however, the berries from the Pasado Meridiano vineyard showed a very early maturation, and in the quantification of total polyphenols it is lower compared to the rest of the vineyards, thus reflecting a low color intensity.
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