Early markers are required in pathophysiological process of obesity, MS and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to clarify the usefulness of serum adipokines (adiponectin, AD and resistin) and inflammatory markers to identify obese and overweight children with MS. Three hundred and seven of 2 491 subjects aged 11-19 with BMI> or =85 centile selected with a multistage, stratified sampling were included. Their height, weight and waist circumference were measured, all subjects underwent physical examination and standard OGTT. AD, resistin and hs-CRP were measured from baseline blood sample. The mean age of subjects was 14.2+/-1.8, 57.7% was girl (n=177) and 42.3% (n=130) boy. Of the 307 subjects 40 (13%) were classified as having MS. Serum AD levels were significantly lower in boys (p=0.02), and decreased while BMI increased, but this trend was not significant (p>0.05). Although median resistin values were higher in obese than others (20, 18.5, 17 ng/ml, respectively) it was not significant (p>0.05). In obese subjects, hs-CRP levels were significantly high (0.21 mg/L) (p=0.000). All three markers in obese and overweight children with and without MS were not significant (p>0.05). Girls with MS had lower adiponectin levels than those without MS. Waist circumference had the highest sensitivity and specificity for predicting MS in ROC analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.831 for WC standard error (SE) 0.033; 95% CI 0.767-0.896; p<0.0001. But the AUCs for the adiponectin, resistin, hs-CRP were not significant. In this study, we observed that adipokines or inflammatory markers have no predictive value in the diagnosis of MS. We concluded that the best marker for MS diagnosis is the measurement of waist circumference.

Turkish Directorate of Public Health introduced the first pilot screening program for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in four Turkish cities in 2017, and in 2018 extended the program, with a slight change in screening strategy, to fourteen cities. To evaluate the performance of the extended study and update previously reported outcomes. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study. Neonates of ≥32 gestational weeks and ≥1500 gr birth weight from fourteen cities, born between May-December 2018, were included. Screening protocol included one sample, two-tier testing as applied in the previous pilot study. In the first step, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) was measured by fluoroimmunoassay in dried blood spots (DBS) obtained at

Objective: To investigate whether glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and 1-hour glucose level in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) are useful parameters for evaluation of glucose homeostasis in childhood.Methods: The medical records of 106 obese/overweight children aged from 7 to 18 years who underwent OGTT were evaluated retrospectively. The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to their one-hour glucose concentration. Group 1 consisted of subjects whose one-hour glucose level was <155 mg/dL, and Group 2 consisted of subjects whose one-hour glucose level was ≥155mg/dL. The fasting and 2-hour glucose concentrations of the groups werecompared. The sensitivity and specificity levels were determined using the ROC curve to assess the predictive value of HbA1c for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Results: The mean 2-hour glucose concentration of the subjects in Group 2 was significantly higher than that of the subjects in Group 1 (137.8±35.5 mg/dL versus 113.1±21.2 mg/dL, p<0.05). If a 5.5% cut-off value for HbA1c was accepted as predictor of IGT, the sensitivity was 63% and specificity was 70%. 31% of the subjects with HbA1c levels at or above 5.5% had IGT. This rate was significantly lower in subjects who had HbA1c levels below 5.5% (p<0.05).Conclusions: Obese/overweight children and adolescents whose 1-hourglucose level is ≥155 mg/dL in the standard OGTT carry a high risk for IGT. Obese/overweight children and adolescents whose HbA1c level is at or above 5.5% may have IGT even though their fasting glucose level is normal, thus, OGTT is necessary to evaluate the glucose tolerance.Conflict of interest:None declared.

IMAGe syndrome is an exceedingly rare condition first described in 1999. Components of the syndrome are intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), metaphyseal dysplasia, congenital adrenal hypoplasia and genital anomalies. Cases generally present with life-threatening adrenal insufficiency in the neonatal period. Herein, we describe a patient with pronounced IUGR diagnosed with severe hyperpigmentation and adrenal insufficiency in the neonatal term in order to attract the attention to this rare entity.