OBJECTIVE To determine the predisposing factors for PI in patients hospitalized after stroke. METHODS This 7-day longitudinal study followed up with patients hospitalized after stroke. Assessments included mobility, nutrition, and the presence of dysphagia and anemia. The nutrition evaluation was based on anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary determinants. Pressure injury (PI) risk was assessed via the Braden Scale. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied. RESULTS Patients who were bedridden showed a greater risk of PI development upon admission (P = .004) and 7 days later (P < .001) compared with patients who could ambulate. Patients who were not dysphagic presented a lower risk of PI development in relation to patients who were dysphagic on admission (P = .047) and 7 days later (P < .001). On admission, patients with good and average diet acceptance had a lower PI risk (P = .002; P = .034) compared with those with a low acceptance. Body mass index was lower in patients at a high risk of developing PI compared with those at moderate risk (P = .02). Hemoglobin and hematocrit were statistically lower among patients who were at high risk of PI compared with patients who were low risk. CONCLUSIONS Predisposing factors such as immobility, dysphagia, low diet acceptance, nutrition risk, and anemia are associated with a greater risk of PI development.

The adequate respiratory support ensures resonance, projection, focus, stability, and better vocal quality. The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between the activation of the core musculature and the spectrographic acoustic vocal characteristics in a group of adult women. This is a cross-sectional, observational, analytical, and quantitative study with ten women 19 to 28 years old, without vocal complaints, and without laryngeal disorders. Spectrographic vocal analysis, maximum expiratory pressure measurement, and evaluation of the multifidus, transverse and perineum muscles were performed. The data were analyzed using the Spearman Correlation Test at 5 %. The results showed significant positive correlation between the maximum expiratory pressure and the definition of the second formant; between the activation of the perineal muscle and the regularity of the spectrographic tracing. And showed significant negative correlation between the activation of the multifidus muscles and the width of the second formant. It was concluded that the more activated the perineal musculature, the greater the regularity of the spectrographic tracing; the higher the maximum expiratory pressure, the greater the definition of the second formant; and the greater the activation of the multifidus muscles, the smaller the bandwidth of the second formant. Such findings demonstrate the role of the core strength in the vocal quality. A relationship was established among the maximum expiratory pressure, the activation of the core muscles, and the spectrographic vocal characteristics.