Background:The rejection of gender dysphoria has detrimental effects on the health and psychosocial development of children and adolescents. In a school context, this affects the coexistence of the community and, in those directly affected, impacts negatively on their academic performance, depriving them of their right to an inclusive and quality education. Method: In this study, the existing literature on the subject was reviewed. Additionally, a study on attitudes toward students with gender dysphoria in th educational context was carried out through a brief questionnaire addressed to a sample of 55 students and 55 teachers from three public high schools in the province of Valencia. Results: In the sample of teachers, the results did not show the existence of statistically significant gender or age differences. However, there were differences in the sample of adolescents, with a greater number of attitudes of rejection towards transgender people in the male gender. Conclusions: This shows the importance of focusing on these gender differences, researching and establishing inclusive policies in educational centers.Antecedentes: El rechazo a la disforia de género provoca efectos perjudiciales en la salud y el desarrollo psicosocial de los niños y adolescentes. En un contexto escolar, esto afecta a la convivencia de la comunidad y, en las personas directamente afectadas, impacta negativamente en su rendimiento académico, quitándoles el derecho a una educación inclusiva y de calidad. Método: Se ha revisado la literatura existente sobre el tema. Adicionalmente, se ha realizado un estudio sobre actitudes hacia los alumnos/as con disforia de género en el contexto educativo, mediante un breve cuestionario dirigido a una muestra de 55 alumnos/as y 55 profesores de tres institutos públicos de la provincia de Valencia. Resultados: En la muestra de profesores, los resultados no mostraron la existencia de diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el género ni en los grupos de edad. Sin embargo, sí hubo diferencias entre la muestra de adolescentes, siendo el género masculino en el que se identificaron un mayor número de actitudes de rechazo hacia el colectivo trans. Conclusiones: Esto demuestra la importancia de focalizarse en estas diferencias de género, investigando y estableciendo políticas inclusivas en los centros educativos.
Background: Teachers' attitudes towards special educational needs are key in the teaching-learning process. It has been shown that positive attitudes favor students' comprehensive development, as well as their academic performance. Objective: To analyze attitudes towards the Special Educational Needs for Support (SENS) of students in a sample of Spanish teachers, their relationship with educational engagement, and specific attitudes towards particular educational needs, such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Disability, and High Intellectual Abilities. Method: 205 teachers from different educational stages completed an online questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were performed, and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman correlation) were used. Results: It is confirmed that teachers have positive attitudes towards SENS, which is of interest, as the educational system currently pursues inclusive education. Conclusions: The results show the importance of material, personal, and pedagogical resources, as well as an improvement in teacher training at all educational stages.Antecedentes: Las actitudes del profesorado ante las necesidades educativas especiales son clave en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se ha demostrado que unas actitudes positivas favorecen el desarrollo integral del alumnado, así como su rendimiento académico. Objetivo: Analizar las actitudes ante las necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo (NEAE) del alumnado en una muestra de docentes españoles y las actitudes específicas ante determinadas necesidades educativas como el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH), los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA), la discapacidad y las altas capacidades. Método: 205 docentes de diferentes etapas educativas cumplimentaron un cuestionario online. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y se utilizaron pruebas no paramétricas (U de Mann-Whitney y la correlación de Spearman). Resultados: Se puede confirmar que los docentes disponen de actitudes positivas hacia las NEAE, lo cual resulta de interés, ya que en la actualidad el sistema educativo persigue una educación inclusiva. Conclusiones: Los resultados dejan en evidencia la importancia de contar con recursos materiales, personales y pedagógicos, así como con una mejora en la formación docente en todas las etapas educativas.
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