This study focused on the mechanical properties of pure sisal, pure glass, and hybrid sisal/glass compression-molded composites, in which various stacking sequences of fiber mat layers were used. It is shown that hybridization originated a material with general intermediate properties between pure glass and pure sisal. However, the importance of controlling the stacking sequence to enhance properties was evident. For instance, to optimize flexural behavior, there must be glass fibers mainly on the top and bottom surfaces. Furthermore, depending on the type of loading and stacking sequence, some hybrid composites may show properties very close to those of pure glass.
In this study, the short beam strength characteristics of randomly oriented composites were comprehensively investigated. The following parameters were varied: fiber used (curaua or sisal), fiber washing or surface chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide/sodium borohydride, fiber length (from 5 to 60 mm), hybridization with glass fiber and the pre-processing of the polyester resin. The overall fiber volume fraction was kept constant (30 vol.%). In all configurations, the composites containing curaua fiber obtained higher short beam strength than those with sisal. An increase in fiber length yielded higher short beam strength. The optical and electronic micrographs showed mostly horizontal cracks, typical of shear failure. In addition, it was carried out a study of the ASTM D2344 standard regarding the span-to-thickness ratio recommended for testing, the measured strength decreased for higher span-to-thickness ratio for specimens with higher length and width, and the failure mode changed to bending around span-to-thickness >12.
O objetivo deste trabalho é utilizar fibras de algodão como material de reforço em materiais compósitos poliméricos utilizando o poliestireno como matriz e o poli(estireno-co-anidrido maleico) como agente compatibilizante. Os compósitos foram desenvolvidos em uma extrusora dupla-rosca co-rotacional, precedidos de uma pré-mistura em extrusora mono-rosca e moldados por injeção. Os compósitos foram avaliados mediante ensaios mecânicos, térmicos, termo dinâmico-mecânico e de morfologia dos compósitos produzidos. Os ensaios de flexão e tração mostram que a adição de 20% de fibra de algodão faz com que essas propriedades aumentem, sendo esse efeito intensificado em presença de compatibilizante. Observou-se aumento da resistência ao impacto com adição de carga; porém, os compósitos com compatibilizante apresentaram resultados inferiores. A HDT para os compósitos com 20% de fibra de algodão foi de aproximadamente 7 ºC. Por meio do TGA, observa-se que a adição de fibras de algodão desloca o início da perda de massa para temperaturas próximas a 200 ºC. Na análise de DMTA, observa-se que, com a adição da fibra de algodão, ocorre aumento na rigidez e no módulo de armazenamento. As micrografias mostram redução no pull-out das fibras, devido a uma maior adesão fibra/matriz, com a utilização do agente compatibilizante.
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