International audienceHybrid materials based on layered double hydroxides (LDHs) exhibit great potential in diverse fields such as health care, polymer composites, environment, catalysis, and energy generation. Indeed, the compositional flexibility and the scalability of LDH structures, their low cost, and their ease of synthesis have made hybrid LDHs extremely attractive for constructing smart and high-performance multifunctional materials. This review provides a comprehensive and critical overview of the current research on multifunctional hybrid LDHs. Organic–inorganic hybrid LDHs, intercalated and surface-immobilized structures, are both specifically addressed. The new trends and strategies for hybrid LDH synthesis are first described, and then the potential of the latest hybrid LDHs, polymer LDH nanocomposites, and LDH bio-nanocomposites are presented. Significant achievements published from ≈2010, including authors' results, which employ hybrid LDH assemblies in materials science, medicine, polymer nanocomposites, cement chemistry, and environmental technologies, are specifically addressed. It is concluded with remarks on present challenges and future prospects

Tartrate and succinate anions have been intercalated in Zn(3)Al and Zn(2)Cr LDHs. The preparations using either coprecipitation, anion exchange, or reconstruction methods are described. In the case of tartrate-containing LDH, coprecipitation and reconstruction methods have proved to be very limited to lead to pure materials due to the particular reactivity of tartrate anions. Intercalation of both anions under room-temperature conditions gives rise to expanded LDH with similar basal spacing. Moderate thermal treatments lead in all cases to a reorientation of the anions in the interlayer domains associated with an interlayer contraction occurring around 80 degrees C. The structural characterization, the thermal evolution, and the chemical stability of all the phases are studied by PXRD, FTIR, TGA, and DTA.