Background: many apps are directly related to health issues. Recent studies show that apps are widely accepted by the population and contribute to the modernization of the healthcare system. However, before recommendation, their contents and quality should be assessed, as well as the behavioral change techniques they include. In Spain, no study has been found to determine which apps are aimed at addressing any aspect of breast cancer. The objective of this study was to identify and describe the contents and analyze the quality and behavior change strategies of the free applications available in the online stores of Android and Apple whose main purpose is related to some aspect of breast cancer. Methods: Searches were conducted in the Apple App and Google Play stores in Spain, between October 2018 and February 2019, using an Apple iPad Pro and a Samsung Galaxy Tab A6. The Spanish search terms used were: "cáncer de mama" [breast cancer], "cáncer de pecho" [breast cancer], "cáncer de seno" [breast cancer], "tumor de mama" [breast tumor], "tumor de pecho" [breast tumor], "tumor de seno" [breast tumor], "neoplasia de mama" [breast neoplasm], "neoplasia de pecho" [breast neoplasm], and "neoplasia de seno" [breast neoplasm]. After screening, contents related to breast cancer, quality, and behavioral change were assessed.Results: The contents of the 6 selected apps were related to breast self-examination and to the signs and symptoms that may warn the woman of the presence of a breast tumor. The MARS objective and subjective quality scores were 4.11 (SD =0.59) and 3.07 (SD =0.91), respectively. The mean number of BCTs included in the apps was 2.83 (SD =3.040). The app with the highest number of BCTs was APP1, with a total of 9 techniques.Conclusions: Few free apps are specifically designed for breast cancer in Spanish. Their content and quality, as well as the number of BCTs they include, should be improved.

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An optimal state of hydration is essential to maintaining health. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the water intake of adolescents aged 12 to 16 years and their hydration level during an official soccer match. Three hundred and six players participated in the study (N = 306). Their water intake was recorded and the level of hydration was evaluated using the density of urine as an indicator. Weight measurements were made before and after the match. Water intake control, urine collection and analysis, and the recording of minutes played were carried out after the match. The average weight loss was 746.2 g (SD: 474.07; p < 0.001), with 36.5% with less than 1% loss and 23.3% with more than 2% loss. The mean volume of water ingested was 229.35 ml (SD: 211.11) and a significant correlation was observed between minutes of activity (ρ-value = 0.206; p < 0.001), environmental humidity (ρ-value = - 0.281; p < 0.001), and temperature (ρ-value = 0.200; p < 0.001). The sweat rate was 0.69 l/h (SD: 0.56) and it was significantly associated with playing time (ρ-value = -0.276; p < 0.001). The mean urine density was 1.019 (SD: 0.007), with 64.9% of youth athletes showing dehydration (≥ 1.020). An association was observed between dehydration and activity time (U- value = 4.124; p < 0.001). Approximately 10% of the participants stated that they had not drunk any water during the match. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish individual hydration guidelines based on personal, environmental and activity-related factors, as well as establish a minimum volume of fluids to consume.

Fundamento. Analizar qué alimentos y bebidas, de los que se incluyen con más frecuencia en la publicidad buzoneada por los supermercados en el Principado de Asturias, pueden ser considerados prescindibles para el consumo de la población, y comparar su precio con el de los alimentos esenciales. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, de la publicidad buzoneada en siete domicilios de Asturias (España) por cuatro cadenas de supermercados entre julio y diciembre de 2018. Se registró el tipo de producto, su clasificación como esencial o prescindible y su precio, comparándolos entre cadenas de supermercados. Resultados. Se identificaron 14.314 productos. "Dulces, bollería, chocolates, azúcares y edulcorantes" (15,3 %), "leche y derivados" (9,7 %), "carnes procesadas" y "bebidas alcohólicas" (8,9 % cada categoría) y "precocinados" (8,4 %). Se observó un predominio de productos considerados prescindibles (61,9 %). Se observaron diferencias significativas en cuanto al tipo de producto según la cadena comercial. El precio medio de los productos esenciales fue menor que el de los prescindibles, tanto globalmente como en cada cadena comercial, siendo la diferencia significativa en una de ellas. Conclusiones. En la publicidad buzoneada por los supermercados en los domicilios de Asturias predominan los productos considerados como prescindibles desde el punto de vista de la salud como ricos en azúcar, carnes procesadas y alcohol. En sentido positivo destaca que el precio de los productos esenciales, como frutas y verduras frescas, fue, de media, significativamente menor que el de los prescindibles. Palabras clave. Alimentación. Bebidas alcohólicas. Publicidad de alimentos. Publicidad directa al consumidor. Salud Pública.