Purpose: Evaluate the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the differential diagnosis between degenerated leiomyomas, cellular leiomyomas and uterine sarcomas. Materials and methods:From February 2015 to August 2015, 42 patients were enrolled, aged between 18 and 75 years, suffering from uterine "mass" waiting for surgery and considered at risk and/or uncertain clinical and laboratory investigations and imaging. These patients were submitted to MRI exam of the pelvis that was performed by morphological study, DWI sequences and dynamic sequences post-contrastographic. Results:The analysis of MRI images of the 42 patients made possible to do a diagnosis of uterine sarcomas in 8 patients with the aid of sequences weighted in diffusion and dynamic, proving a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 88%. Conclusions:Based on our experience, we may consider that by morphological study with DWI sequences weighted in diffusion and dynamic post-contrastographic sequences, the MRI is a working aid in the differential diagnosis between degenerated leiomyomas and uterine sarcomas.