El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación sobre la participación ciudadana en políticas de seguridad, desarrollada en el municipio de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina¹. El trabajo se centra en el análisis de las prácticas de participación observadas en los foros vecinales de seguridad y en la significación que los foristas le asignan a las mismas. Cabe aclarar que para el desarrollo de la investigación se recurrió a técnicas cualitativas de recolección y análisis de datos, como la observación participante, entrevistas a informantes clave y entrevistas a foristas. Una conclusión importante a la que se arriba es que la participación no aprovecha todas las posibilidades de la política pública, en tanto en los foros se expresa una 'ciudadanía limitada'. Un ejemplo de ello es la autoidentificación de los foristas como 'vecinos', una categoría más bien despolitizada y moral. Finalmente, se espera que el artículo pueda convertirse en un aporte, desde un estudio empírico, al debate sobre la significación política de la participación de la sociedad civil en políticas públicas.
This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the relationship between wage inequality, employment structure, and returns to education in urban areas of Mexico during the past two decades . Applying Melly's (2005) quantile regression based decomposition, we find that changes in wage inequality have been driven mainly by variations in educational wage premia. Additionally, we find that changes in employment structure, including occupation and firm size, have played a vital role. This evidence seems to suggest that the changes in wage inequality in urban Mexico cannot be interpreted in terms of a skill-biased change, but rather they are the result of an increasing demand for skills during that period.. JEL classification: J31.
We analyse the changes in earnings inequality in Mexico and the Mexican regions from 1987 to 2008. Using the Jenkins-van Kern decomposition method, we distinguish two major components: progressivity, which reflects the pro-poor (or pro-rich) orientation of wage growth, and re-ranking, which measures the movements of individuals in the wage hierarchy. At the national level, progressivity has been systematically pro-poor, but re-ranking has to a large extent offset this pro-equality dynamic. Similar variations are found for the Mexican regions. The South, the Border and the Centre have, however, witnessed a decrease in inequality, whereas inequality has increased in the North and the Capital regions.
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