Nitrosocarbonyl
intermediates, generated at room temperature by
oxidation of nitrile oxides, undergo clean ene reactions with trisubstituted
cycloalkenes. Nitrosocarbonyl benzene follows a Markovnikov orientation
and abstracts preferentially the twix hydrogens over the lone ones.
With the more sterically demanding nitrosocarbonyl mesitylene in the
presence of 5- and 6-membered ring olefins, the Markovnikov directing
effect is relieved, and twix and lone abstractions are observed. Endocyclic
allylic hydrogens on the more congested side of the alkene are exclusively
abstracted (the “cis effect”) resembling the singlet
oxygen behavior. The balance between steric and conformational factors,
as well as the acylnitroso generation conditions, dictates the regioselectivity
in some cases. Larger ring olefins undergo selective twix allylic
hydrogen abstraction. The photochemical generation of nitrosocarbonyl
is totally selective according to the Markovnikov orientation. The
synthetic utility of the ene compounds is also accounted.
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