Background Same-day colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) immediately following incomplete optical colonoscopy (OC) would have a number of advantages for patients, while also presenting unique procedural challenges including the effect of sedation on capsule propulsion and patient tolerance of protracted preparation and fasting. Aim The aim of this article is to prospectively assess the efficacy of same-day CCE after incomplete OC in an unselected patient cohort. Methods This was an observational, prospective, single-centre study of CCE post-incomplete colonoscopies. Patients with an incomplete OC for any reason other than obstruction or inadequate bowel preparation were recruited. CCE was performed after a minimum of a one-hour fast. Once the patient was fully alert, intravenous metoclopramide was administered after capsule ingestion when possible, and a standard CCE booster protocol was then followed. Relevant clinical information was recorded. CCE completion rates, findings and their impact, and adverse events were noted. Results Fifty patients were recruited, mean age = 57 years and 66% ( n = 32) were female. Seventy-six per cent ( n = 38) of CCEs were complete; however, full colonic views were obtained in 84% ( n = 42) of cases. Patients > 50 years of age were five times more likely to have an incomplete CCE and there was also a trend towards known comorbidities associated with hypomobility having reduced excretion rates. Overall diagnostic yield for CCE in the unexplored segments was 74% ( n = 37), with 26% ( n = 13) of patients requiring significant changes in management based on CCE findings. The overall incremental yield was 38%. CCE findings were normal 26% ( n = 13), polyps 38% ( n = 19), inflammation 22% ( n = 11), diverticular disease 25 ( n = 12), angiodysplasia 3% ( n = 1) and cancer 3% ( n = 1). Significant small bowel findings were found in three (6%) cases, including Crohn’s disease and a neuroendocrine tumour. A major adverse event occurred in one patient (2%), related to capsule retention. Conclusion Same-day CCE is a viable alternative means to assess unexplored segments of the colon after incomplete OC in selected patients.

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The insecticidal properties and mechanisms of high-voltage air-based atmospheric cold plasma using a contained dielectric barrier discharge reactor were investigated against Tribolium castaneum as an important bio-contaminant in stored grains spoilage. The mortality of 95.0%-100% for preadult stages can be achieved within seconds of treatment, but longer plasma exposure (5 min) is required to kill adult insects. Cold plasma treatment reduces both the respiration rate and the weight of insects and affects the levels of oxidative stress markers in adult populations. Sufficient toxicity is achievable through plasma process control in air to address the range of insect lifecycle stages that are disease vectors and pose risks for grain stability in storage. Balancing insecticidal activity with grains' quality retention can provide a route to sustainable integrated pest management.

We present data from the fi rst study of successional patterns of insect fauna in Calabria (southern Italy). Th e aim was to identify and qualitatively assess the major taxa of forensic importance in this region. Studies were conducted in autumn-winter 2006, summer 2007 and winter 2008 in the Botanical Garden, University of Calabria. Over 50 taxa were collected and identifi ed. Th e most abundant fl y species were Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus, 1758), L. sericata (Meigen, 1826), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819), Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, C. vomitoria (Linnaeus, 1758) , Sarcophaga spp ., Amobia sp ., Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758, and Muscina stabulans ((Fallén). Th e successional patterns, relative abundance of adult sarcosaprophagous insects, carcass decay, diversity and seasonality of species are described and the taxa useful for estimating the post-mortem interval (PMI) are identifi ed. Th e data of this study could be very useful for further forensic investigations in southern Italy. ©Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2010.

U (2013) First data on myiasis caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862) (Diptera, E n to m ology, Or n it h o lo g y & Herpet ol o g y : C ur ren t Res ea rc h