Objective. To evaluate the relationship between synovial membrane and joint effusion volumes determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and macroscopic and microscopic synovial pathologic findings in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).Methods. Synovial biopsies were performed, and macroscopic grades of synovitis assigned, at preselected knee sites during arthroscopy or arthrotomy in 17 knees with RA and 25 with OA. Synovial inflammation and 9 separate tissue characteristics were graded histologically. Synovial membrane and joint effusion volumes were determined by preoperative MRI, enhanced with intravenous gadopentetate dimeglumine.Results. MRI-determined synovial membrane volumes were correlated with the overall histologic assessment of synovial inflammation (Spearman's a = 0.55, P C 0.001), with fibrin deposition, with subsynovial mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration

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NCT01229293.