The aim of this study is to apply the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) to analyze the temporal dynamics of vegetation cover and land uses of the Padre Inácio river basin, in the State of Mato Grosso. The study is developed in the perspective that the data and information generated contribute to the environmental conservation of the Pantanal biome, which the basin is a water contributor. For this purpose, data on vegetation cover and land uses were generated for the year 2016; extraction of NDVI and EVI data for the period of 16 years; field verification for corrections and validation; calculations of the average curves of the classes for each index and preparation of the average profiles. Four classes of vegetation cover and land uses were identified in the basin: Agriculture in the Savannah Region (Ac.S); Alluvial Semidecidual Seasonal Forest (Fa); Pasture planted in the Region of Savannah (Ap.S) and Wooded Savannah with Presence of Forested Savannah (Sa+Sd). Ap.S originally occupied areas of Fa and Sa+Sd, and management practices contributed to the acceleration of degradation in the basin, a fact evidenced by the low biomass index. Currently Ac.S (sugarcane, mostly) has expanded, occupying the degraded Ap.S areas. The low density of native vegetation around the water courses signals non-compliance with forest code standards. Thus, it is urgent to take conservation management practices and recover the Permanent Preservation Areas of water courses, otherwise, the agricultural practices developed in the basin will become unviable, causing the emergence and intensification of environmental problems.

Objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o estado ambiental das unidades de paisagem de uma bacia hidrográfica do estado brasileiro de Mato Grosso, na perspectiva da geração de informações que contribuam para o planejamento e a gestão ambiental. Foi adotado o modelo de avaliação da fragilidade ambiental, em que foram utilizados os mapas de pedologia, dissecação do relevo, cobertura vegetal e uso da terra e precipitação. Os mapeamentos foram recortados pelas unidades de paisagem contidas na BHRJ e associados em SIG. As classes de fragilidade adotadas foram Fraca, Média, Forte e Muito Forte. O estado ambiental foi definido a partir da fragilidade ambiental e da proteção ambiental das unidades de paisagem, assim o estado ambiental foi definido em Favorável, Regular, Crítico e Muito Crítico. A fragilidade “Forte” ocorreu em 36,36% da extensão da bacia, a Fraca em 34,24%, a “Média” em 27,09% e a Muito Forte em 2,01%. Predomina em 65,41% da bacia o estado ambiental Crítico, o Muito Crítico em 20,88%, o Favorável em 7,20% e o Regular” em 6,51%. Conclui-se que, na bacia, a maioria das unidades de paisagem são frágeis devido aos processos erosivos, interferindo no estado da paisagem que é classificado como Crítico.

The objective of this study was to diagnose the potential degradation areas due to water erosion and the conflicts derived from land use in the Araputanga unicipality / Mato Grosso State. A geomorphologic and pedologic compartmentalization was generated from the superposition of soil and geomorphology maps; the erodibility by the association of the soils map of the erodibility information; the susceptibility to water erosion from the combination of the erodibility maps and the topographic factor. The vegetation cover and land use map were drawn from the Landsat 8 images of 2016. The current potential for water erosion was generated from the combination of maps on susceptibility to erosion with land cover/land use. For the assessment of conflicts, maps of current potential for water erosion and land use capacity were used. In Araputanga municipality, the Luvisols cover 62.93%. A high erodibility predominates in 73.09%; human activities occupy 64.98%. There is an average potential to water erosion in 86.31% and an average for land use conflict in 40.40%. The high erodibilitydue to the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil appears in gullies. It is necessary to readjust the land use in order to reduce the environmental problems and to maintain the landscape functions