Obesity causes low-grade inflammation that results in the development of comorbidities. In people with obesity, exacerbation of gastric lesion severity and delayed healing may aggravate gastric mucosal lesions. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the citral effects on gastric lesion healing in eutrophic and obese animals. C57Bl/6 male mice were divided into two groups: animals fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Gastric ulcers were induced using acetic acid (80%) in both groups. Citral (25, 100, or 300 mg/kg) was administered orally for 3 or 10 days. A vehicle-treated negative control (1% Tween 80, 10 mL/kg) and lansoprazole-treated (30 mg/kg) were also established. Lesions were macroscopically examined by quantifying regenerated tissue and ulcer areas. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and -9) were analyzed by zymography. The ulcer base area between the two examined periods was significantly reduced in HFD 100 and 300 mg/kg citral-treated animals. In the 100 mg/kg citral-treated group, healing progression was accompanied by reduced MMP-9 activity. Accordingly, HFD could alter MMP-9 activity, delaying the initial healing phase. Although macroscopic changes were undetectable, 10-day treatment with 100 mg/kg citral exhibited improved scar tissue progression in obese animals, with reduced MMP-9 activity and modulation of MMP-2 activation.

Obesity is linked to an inflammatory process in the different tissues of the body, including hypothalamic regions that are crucial for energy homeostasis. Citral, is a monoterpene with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of citral on hypothalamic inflammation triggered by obesity in male Swiss mice, and to determine the effect of citral on the concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators in the tissue. Obese male Swiss mice were treated orally with citral (25, 100 and 300 mg/kg) for seven, 14 and 21 consecutive days. Hypothalamus samples were used to determine cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6. Hypothalamic inflammation was not installed in the Swiss mice. There are different studies that report the anti-inflammatory action of citral, as well as its action on the body weight of obese mice, however C57BL/6J mice have a better profile in the investigation of indicative parameters of diet-induced obesity. An analysis of the action of citral on hypothalamic inflammation and evolution of body weight in other strain, like C57BL/6J mice is relevant.

No abstract

This study aims to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Citral on healing process of gastric lesions in eutrophic and obese mice by measuring MMP-2 and 9 activities.

The new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is characterized by hemodynamic changes with a large release of inflammatory mediators, that inducing a systemic inflammation response (SI). Thus, SI can be induced by peripheral injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rodents, which promote the increase of systemic inflammatory mediators that induced an essential survival effector response, such as fever. Myrcene (MCN) is a monoterpene with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic actions are described. Our aim was to evaluate the MCN effect in euthermic rats against SI induced by low-dose LPS. Male Wistar rats were used to assess body temperature (Tb) by dataloggers. The animals were orally treated with Tween 80-1% (Tw; 10 mL/kg) or MCN (7.5 mg/kg) 30 min before the i.p. administration of induction with LPS (100 µg/kg) or Saline (1 mL/kg). After 360 min, the rats were sacrificed to evaluate the inflammatory mediators' levels through Multiplex assay. Rats in the Tw+LPS group present a significant increase in Tb when compared to the control group (Tw+Saline). The MCN treatment was