Even if intraspecific conflict is a well-known behaviour in birds, intraspecific killing among passerines is very rare in the literature. Cases of intraspecific predation among passerines constitute a very small percentage of published reports, and many of the cases are based on circumstantial evidence. In March 2013, we witnessed a group of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) kill a conspecific male adult in the village of Gonsans (France, Doubs department). During the reproductive season three explanations of others studies (lack of food, weak condition and territorial behaviour during) could be relevant in our case. In conclusion, it appears that our observation is a very rare one and the second one for the House Sparrow.
Because of the worldwide distribution of the Barn Owl (Tyto alba) and the easily way to find its pellets, it is often used to diet studies. To investigate the eco-geographical impact of mountainous areas on its diet, we conducted studies in the Jura, Alpes, Central and Pyrénées mountains and we also did pellet analysis from 8 sites in the Jura mountains. Analysis of the tooth and skull content of pellets allowed us to draw up two types of change in the diet of Tyto alba in correlation with mountain elevation. The first one concerns the Jura, Alpes and Central mountains, where the diversity of the diet declines with the increase in elevation. The second one concerns the Pyrénées mountains, where there is no change in the diversity of the diet, perhaps because of the higher diversity of small mammals caused by mediterranean influence. Thus, it seems that elevation cau ses a decrease in diet diversity of Tyto alba in continental mountains (Jura, Alpes and Central mountains) probably because of more homogeneous landscapes dedicated to grass production. However, in Mediterranean mountains (Pyrénées), a more diversified small mammal guild provides a constant level of diet diversity.Keywords: Barn Owl, small mammals, mountain, mediterranean influence, continental influence Összefoglalás A gyöngybagoly (Tyto alba) egész világon való elterjedése, és köpeteinek könnyű fellelhetősége miatt gyakori alanya táplálkozási vizsgálatoknak. E dolgozatban a hegyvidéki környezet gyöngybagoly táplálko-zására kifejtett öko-geográfiai hatásait teszteltük a Jura, az Alpok, a Francia-középhegység és a Pireneusok terü-letén gyűjtött minták alapján, és köpet-analízist végeztünk a Jura-hegységből származó, 8 különböző területről gyűjtött mintából. A köpetekben talált fog-és koponyamaradványok analízise alapján két csoportot lehetett elkü-löníteni: a Jura, az Alpok és a Francia-középhegység területén a táplálék-diverzitása csökkent a tengerszint feletti magasság növekedésével, míg a Pireneusok területén ilyen változást nem tapasztaltunk. A különbség abból adód-hat, hogy a kontinentális hegységekben (Jura, Alpok, Francia-középhegység) a tengerszintfeletti magasság nö-vekedésével a homogénebb élőhelyek kedveznek a fűfélék növekedésének, így a kisemlős diverzitás is csökken, míg a mediterrán hegységek (Pireneusok) területén egy sokkal változatosabb kisemlős közösség biztosítja a táp-lálék-diverzitás állandóságát.
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