Insulin weakens the structural integrity of equine lamellar explants and an ex vivo model for evaluation of hyperinsulinaemia-induced lamellar failure was established. The summary is available in Spanish - see Supporting Information.

Objective: To evaluate the short and long-term outcomes of foals treated surgically for fractured ribs and variables that may affect outcome. Study design: Retrospective. Animals: Seventy-three equine neonates with surgically repaired fractured ribs. Methods: Medical records were reviewed to include sex, breed, the side of thorax affected, number of ribs fractured, co-morbidities directly associated with rib fracture, and surgical technique used. Short-term outcome was defined as survival to discharge. Long-term outcome was whether or not they started a race. Race records of maternal siblings were obtained for comparison. Results: Seventy-three neonates underwent surgery for fractured ribs. Fiftyseven neonates (78%) survived to discharge from the hospital. Rib fractures were more commonly observed in colts and in the left hemithorax (61% and 57%, respectively). Sex, side affected, number of ribs fractured, co-morbidities, number of ribs repaired, and surgical technique did not affect the short-or long-term outcomes. Thirty-five of 57 (61%) foals treated surgically for rib fractures that survived to discharge started a race compared to 173 of 257 (67%) of maternal siblings that raced.Conclusions: Short-and long-term outcome were not affected by co-morbidities, surgical technique, or number of fractured ribs. Clinical significance: Neonates with surgically repaired fractured ribs had a good prognosis for survival and and those that survived had a similar chances of starting a race compared to maternal siblings.

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Objective To describe an arthroscopic technique for the removal of osteochondral fragments located within the condylar fossa of the third metacarpal/tarsal bone. Study design Retrospective study. Animals Thoroughbred yearlings (n = 11). Methods Osteochondral fragments located within the condylar fossa of the third metacarpal/tarsal bone identified during presale radiographic examination were removed via arthroscopy, assisted with ultrasonography in select cases. Complete fragment removal was confirmed by intraoperative radiography. Results Fragments were successfully removed using rongeurs following dissection of soft tissue attachments using a bipolar radiofrequency probe. No postoperative complications occurred. Conclusions An ipsilateral arthroscopic and instrument portal coupled with ultrasound assistance and a radiofrequency probe allowed for successful removal of fragments located within the condylar fossa of the third metacarpal/tarsal bone. The technique allowed for the removal of the unstable osteochondral fragment and associated physical debris. Clinical significance The described surgical technique enables the removal of osteochondral fragments located within the condylar fossa of the third metacarpal/tarsal bone with minimal disruption to the surrounding soft tissues.

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