Women have had a presence in nearly every U.S. military conflict since the War for Independence (Burrelli, 2012). Although the number of women participating in the military, the roles held, and the nature of their experiences have varied throughout the years, their presence has been increasingly apparent for the past 20 years (Burrelli, 2012). During the most recent military conflicts (Operation Enduring Freedom [OEF], Operation Iraqi Freedom [OIF], and Operation New Dawn [OND]), 12% of American troops were women. To date, there are approximately 1 million active-duty service members inclusive of 200,000 women. Moreover, another 190,000 women currently serve in the military reserves and National Guard (Women in Military Service for America Memorial Foundation, 2011). According to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA; 2015), there are more than 2 million female veterans in the United States and Puerto Rico, and this number is anticipated to grow, as the Secretary of Defense has ordered the military to open all military positions-including combat positions-to women.