<p class="04CorpodoTexto">Os solos do trópico úmido são, em geral, solos intemperizados e frágeis com grande propensão à coesão. As condições ambientais dos trópicos favorecem a rápida degradação da matéria orgânica e lixiviação dos nutrientes. Assim, técnicas para aumentar a eficiência no uso dos nutrientes devem ser utilizadas para melhorar a produtividade dos agrossistemas destas regiões. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado os benefícios do sistema de cultivo em aléias sobre as propriedades químicas e físicas do solo. Entretanto, ainda são escassos os estudos que avaliam o uso de tecnologias complementares sob a melhoria das características do solo com vista a aumentar a eficiência no uso dos nutrientes no plantio direto na palha de leguminosas arbóreas. É possível que tais tecnologias aumentem a eficiência do sistema no que tange a melhoria nutricional dos cultivos anuais, mediante o fornecimento de condições adequadas de solo e pelo aumento do carbono orgânico, constituindo-se como opções válidas para o manejo sustentável em solos tropicais.</p><p class="04CorpodoTexto"> </p><p class="04CorpodoTexto"> </p>
The research compared biomass production and nutrient release in an alley cropping system in two collection methods, the litterbag method and the direct collection method (Morley, Bennett, & Clark, 1964). The system was implemented in 2015 at 2017, at the Maranhão Federal University, Maranhão, Brazil. The experiment was a randomized block design with four treatments, consisting of leucaena+sombreiro (Leucaena leucocephala and Clitoria fairchildiana), leucena+acacia (Leucaena leucocephala and Acacia mangium), gliricidia+sombreiro (Gliricidia sepium and Clitoria fairchildiana) and gliricidia+acacia (Gliricidia sepium and Acacia mangium). In order to determine the remaining dry matter, nutrient release (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn), the decomposition constants and the half-lives times of plant residues, 100 g of fresh material were conditioned in litterbags (50 g of each species), arranged on the soil surface. The second method was done by randomly throwing a collector on each plot in the same dimensions of the litterbags (0.40 x 0.40 m) and collecting the litter. For the two methods samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after the start of the experiment. The litterbags method showed a higher C/N ratio at day 30 up to 120 days, which implies that this method is providing a different environment from the litter, where it would be overestimating the C/N ratio and retarding the decomposition. The G+S and G+A combinations were more rapidly decomposed than the combinations of L+S and L+A. The following order of release was established for the litterbags method: P > N > K > Ca > Mn > Mg, and for the method of collecting the litter: N > P > Ca > Mg > K > Mn.
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