In a contemporary community population with chronic heart failure, non-cardiac co-morbidities confer a similar contribution to outcomes in HFrEF and HFpEF. These observations suggest that quality improvement initiatives aimed at optimizing co-morbidities may be similarly effective in HFrEF and HFpEF.

Aim:The body mass index (BMI), the most used anthropometric index of obesity, has an important limitation, not taking into consideration the distribution of body fat. We developed a new simple index: the waist-corrected BMI (wBMI), calculated as waist circumference (WC) × BMI. The study aim was to assess the role of wBMI, compared to BMI, WC, and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) in predicting abnormal cardiac geometry, insulin resistance, increased arterial stiffness, and dyslipidemia.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study that included 805 patients referred to our Department of Preventive Cardiology for risk factors evaluation and treatment. Eleven echographic and laboratory parameters were determined, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were derived. Areas under ROC curves (AUC) were used to assess the accuracy of the four indexes to identify unfavorable characteristics.Results:There were 29% overweight, 59% obese, and 77% hypertensive patients. Of 11 echographic and laboratory parameters, wBMI, BMI, WHtR, and WC had the largest AUC for identifying 3, 1, 6, and 1 parameters, respectively, but with overlapping 95% confidence intervals. wBMI had the largest AUC for increased arterial stiffness and insulin resistance; also, it was superior to BMI for increased left atrial volume, relative wall thickness, and triglyceride level.Conclusions:In a large population with a high prevalence of obesity and hypertension, all four indexes were associated with unfavorable characteristics. wBMI has the theoretical advantage of taking into account simultaneously the global fat mass and distribution and might be useful for a better cardiovascular risk assessment.

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OBJECTIVES Patients with mechanical circulatory support bridged to a heart transplant (HTx) are at higher risk of postoperative graft dysfunction. In this subset, a mode of graft preservation that shortens graft ischaemia should be beneficial. METHODS The outcomes of 38 patients on mechanical circulatory support (extracorporeal life support, left ventricular assist device and biventricular assist device) who received a HTx between 2015 and 2020 were analysed according to the method of graft preservation: cold storage (CS) group, 24 (63%) or ex vivo perfusion (EVP) group, 14 (37%). RESULTS The median age was 57 (range 30–73) vs 64 (35–75) years (P = 0.10); 88% were men (P = 0.28); extracorporeal life support was more frequent in the CS group (54% vs 36%; P = 0.27) versus left ventricular and biventricular assist devices in the EVP group (46% vs 64%; P = 0.27). Clamping time was shorter in the EVP group (P < 0.001) and ischaemic time >4 h was higher in the CS group (P = 0.01). Thirty-day mortality was 13% (0–27%) in the CS group and 0% (P = 0.28) in the EVP group. A significantly lower primary graft failure [7% (0–23%) vs 42% (20–63%); P = 0.03] was observed in the EVP group. Survival at 1 year was 79 ± 8% (63–95%) in the CS group and 84 ± 10% (64–104%) in the EVP group (P = 0.95). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the use of ex vivo graft perfusion in patients on mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to a HTx. This technique, by shortening graft ischaemic time, seems to improve post-HTx outcomes.

Purpose of review To deeply investigate one type of intracellular cardiac storage disease, the Fabry disease and one example of extracellular cardiac storage disease, the cardiac amyloidosis, with the aim to collect data about cardiac treatment at the end-stage level and the feasibility of heart transplantation (HTx) in this setting of patients. Recent findings Some registry describes that Fabry disease and cardiac amyloidosis showed similar characteristics as hypertrophic cardiomyopathies; thus, their correct diagnosis is often missing or time consuming. A multiorgan approach is mandatory to recognize the main systemic findings of these diseases, involving also the kidneys, the brain, the autonomous system and the skin. Summary The early diagnosis of these diseases is required to start as soon as possible the correct therapy for the patients affected. However, the end-stage heart failure is common and HTx could be offered to selected patients, especially if affected by light chain cardiac amyloidosis, to allow to perform the autologous stem cell transplantation after the cardiac transplant. Considering the Fabry disease patients, the enzyme recombinant therapy is also mandatory after HTx to avoid potential release of the systemic disease on the donor graft.