Serving as the interface between fetal and maternal circulation, the placenta plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. Placental exosomes are small membrane-bound extracellular vesicles released by the placenta during pregnancy. They contain a variety of biomolecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which can potentially be biomarkers of maternal diseases. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the utility of placental exosomes for the diagnosis and monitoring of pathological conditions such as pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes. This suggests that placental exosomes may serve as new biomarkers in liquid biopsy analysis. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the biological function of placental exosomes and their potential as biomarkers of maternal diseases. Additionally, this review highlights current barriers and the way forward for standardization and validation of known techniques for exosome isolation, characterization, and detection. Finally, microfluidic devices for exosome research are discussed.

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Background: Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among adolescents. Therefore, research on the risk of unintentional injury among adolescents is imperative in public health because adolescents are the future generations of each country. However, studies on the real situation of unintentional injury and associated factors among adolescents in Vietnam are still limited. Objectives: Describe the situation of risk behaviors towards unintentional injury to adolescent health and associated factors in Hanoi in 2019. Methods: We used a cross-sectional study using multi-stage sampling design. A total of 3,443 subjects who were students from high schools in Hanoi agreed to participate in the study. The data was collected by online self-answered through KoboToolbox software, then aggregated on Microsoft Excel and analyzed by STATA 14.0 software. Results: Fourteen percent of students said that they used to smoke, 51.6% said that they used to drink alcohol. About 6.9% of adolescents said they rarely or never wore a helmet, 30% said they had at least once used the phone and 8.2% admitted that they had ever drank alcohol, beer before driving. Regarding the group of violent behavios, nearly 4.8% of students have been carrying weapons with them in the past 30 days, 6.5% have had at least 1 fight in the past 12 months, 2.4% said that they had been sexually abused at least once and about 11.6% of the students said that they had experienced bullying at school. Smoking (OR = 2.21), drinking alcohol (OR = 2.08), and had psychology problems for 2 weeks (OR = 1.61) had increased the risk of performing risk behaviors that may lead to the unintentional injuries. Conclusions and Implication: The prevalence of adolescents in Hanoi who engage in risk behaviors that can lead to unintentional injury was high. Factors such as smoking, drinking or having psychological problems increased the risk of these behaviors. We recommend that family and school should educate for adolescents to raise the awareness when driving and avoid substance abuse. In addition, family and school also need to promptly detect school violence and provide psychological supports when adolescents experienced psychological problems. Keywords: unintentional injury, smoking, alcohol use, adolescent, Hanoi

Transfer of invasive alien organisms and their negative impacts have been recorded around the world. It is estimated that approximately 7,000 species of marine creatures are silently moved around the world by ballast water every hour. Recently, discharge of ballast water in the coastal area has become a serious concern. The movement of discharged ballast water and accompanying alien organisms largely depends on the prevailing hydrodynamics of the receiving water body. Dynamics simulation models for marine environment provide sound prediction of dispersion of ballast water. The study was undertaken in the seas of the Gulf of Tonkin and in the offshore area of Hai Phong Port using the MIKE 21 model -a two-dimensional hydrodynamics model. The yearly-mean wind field was used in the model to generate the circulation. Ballast water discharged to the three sites in the study area was simulated by using dispersal-advection model. The outputs showed that ballast water discharged near the coast tends to move along the coastline. Ballast water discharged at 200 NM seaward from the coast is still able to influence the coastal zone of Vietnam.

Objective : Reading is a crucial academic behavior, which directly affects the formation of personality and develops people's thinking. In the higher education environment, reading culture helps students acquire new knowledge quickly and effectively. However, in recent years, young people and students tend to be lazy to read books, afraid of reading academic books while prefer reading comics and novels. At the same time, the dominance of the internet and audio-visual equipment makes reading in schools and universities become less attractive. This study was conducted with two objectives: (1) To describe the current situation of reading culture; and (2) To identify some factors affecting the reading culture of full-time bachelor students in Hanoi University of Public Health in 2019. Thereby, contributing to raise students' awareness about the roles of reading and providing information to help improving the quality and performance of the university’s library. Methods: The study was conducted on 420 full-time bachelor students from the first year to the fourth year, belonging to four majors of the Hanoi University of Public Health in 2019. Main findings: The study results showed that among 420 full-time bachelor students, 41.0% read books on a regular basis and 80.0% liked reading books. With regression bionary logistic analasys, associated factors with reading frequency includes: Going to library weekly (OR=1,87; p=0,004; CI95%: 1,22 – 2,84) and Completed reading the document assigned by teachers (OR=1,61; p=0,043; CI95%: 1,01 – 2,55). In addition, students who were reading addiction were likely to read all the book assigned, which was higher than the students who did not like reading. Conclusions: With full-time Bachelor students at Hanoi University of Public Health, percentages of students with frequent reading behavior were not high in general. However, it could be seen that the reading behavior of students was influenced by the teachers’ activities. Therefore, teachers should enhance checking books and course materials that students have read before classes as well as setting a criteria on the minimum number of academic books students should read while doing their assignments so that students are more aware of the importance of academic reading while studying at university. Keywords: reading books, college students, current situation, associated factor