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In general, tooth wear is difficult to be noticed until it leads to toothache in vivo. Developing a dynamic dental wear monitoring system to predict tooth wear in daily life is a necessity. The translation between complex surface wear morphology and corresponding digital signal source is a technical limitation to develop this kind of monitoring system. Microwear texture analysis has been widely employed in predicting diet by a palaeontologist. The main question is whether the microwear texture analysis has potential development space to develop a sensor for monitoring tooth wear. According to obtained results, the microwear texture analysis had enough sensitivity to display the surface morphology variations for different chewing foods and various angles. The corresponding sensitive digital signal of tooth microwear surface morphology makes it possible to develop a dental microwear sensor.

Super-amphiphilic materials typically exhibit superhydrophilicity and superoleophilicity (contact angles for water and oil are less than 10°). In the 1990s, UV irradiation of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) produced super-amphiphilic characteristics. [13] There are now two ways to switch the hydrophilic/hydrophobic qualities of materials: (i) certain materials, such as TiO 2 , ZnO, and SnO 2 , are stimulated to exhibit superhydrophilic characteristics under UV light circumstances. [14,15] (ii) Increase the hydrophilic material surface roughness or generate a rough surface by applying a hydrophilic coating. [16] Based on the classical Wenzel [17] and Cassie [18] models, surface roughness can adjust the hydrophilic/ hydrophobic properties of the materials.Recent attention has been drawn to Ti-based materials due to their environmental friendliness, abundant resources, and inexpensive cost. [19,20] As a type of Ti-based materials, Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 (NTO) has demonstrated a wide range of potential applications in several industries. On the basis of its superior physical and electrical properties, it was demonstrated that NTO has the potential to be used as anode material for ion batteries. [21][22][23][24][25][26] In addition, NTO nanomaterials were also utilized as catalysts [27][28][29][30] and adsorbents. [31] However, reports of super-amphiphilic NTO materials are scarce. There are numerous possible uses for super-amphiphilic materials, including the fabrication of implanted devices, the removal of low-density lipoprotein, and the improvement of the cycle life of lithium-sulfur batteries. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the preparation methods and performance of superamphiphilic materials.This paper shows that NTO have both hydrophilic and oleophilic (amphiphilic) properties. The film has a large storage capacity for water and poly-alpha-olefin, up to 32-36 times its original weight. The discovery of NTO nanofibrous film's super-amphiphilic behavior has significant implications for the development of superwetting materials and their potential applications in the oil emulsion purification and catalyst anchoring industries. Experimental Section Construction of NTO Nanofibrous FilmPure titanium (Ti) substrates (10 mm × 10 mm × 0.5 mm) were cleaned at room temperature with acetone and deionized water before reacting with NaOH solution (1 mol L −1 ) at 230 °C Due to their extraordinary affinity for both water and oil, super-amphiphilic materials have garnered considerable interest. A Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 (NTO) film with super-amphiphilic properties that enable water and oil miscibility is offered. Multiple nanofibrous 3D porous nanostructures compose the super-amphiphilic NTO layer. Up to 32-36 times its weight, the film has a high absorption capacity for water and poly-alpha-olefin (PAO). The average miscibility ratio of water to oil in the film is ≈6:5. The discovery of NTO nanofibrous film's super-amphiphilic behavior has significant implications for the development of superwetting materials and their potential applicatio...

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A layer of micro-sized periodontal membrane can buffer most chewing forces to protect the interface between the natural tooth root and alveolar bone. Artificial dental implants usually direct contact onto the alveolar bone without a buffer layer, which increases the risk of surface damage. The main purpose of this work was the bionic design of a flexible layer of nanowire scaffold on a titanium implant surface according to the function of the periodontal membrane. Millions of nanowires were woven into a superhydrophilic layer of porous scaffold. The evolution of mechanical properties displayed that the biomimetic nanowire scaffold could absorb a maximum of about 1.59 KJ energy per square centimeter by low-speed impact. The minimum tensile strength of one nanowire was 2 GPa. A biomimetic flexible periodontal membrane connection functioning between the natural tooth root and alveolar bone has great potential value for developing advanced artificial dental implants for dental restorations.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.