Cluster mergers leave distinct signatures in the intracluster medium (ICM) in the form of shocks and diffuse cluster radio sources that provide evidence for the acceleration of relativistic particles. However, the physics of particle acceleration in the ICM is still not fully understood. Here we present new 1-4 GHz Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and archival Chandra observations of the HST Frontier Fields Cluster Abell2744. In our new VLA images, we detect the previously known ∼2.1Mpc radio halo and ∼1.5Mpc radio relic. We carry out a radio spectral analysis from which we determine the relic's injection spectral index to be a = - 1.12 0. 0.31 under the assumption of diffusive shock acceleration. We also find evidence for spectral steepening in the post-shock region. We do not find evidence for a significant correlation between the radio halo's spectral index and ICM temperature. In addition, we observe three new polarized diffuse sources and determine two of these to be newly discovered giant radio relics. These two relics are located in the southeastern and northwestern outskirts of the cluster. The corresponding integrated spectral indices measure −1.81±0.26 and −0.63±0.21 for the SE and NW relics, respectively. From an X-ray surface brightness profile we also detect a possible density jump of = -+ R 1.39 0.22 0.34 co-located with the newly discovered SE relic. This density jump would correspond to a shock front Mach number of = -+ 1.26 0.15 0.25 .
To investigate the relationship between thermal and non-thermal components in merger galaxy clusters, we present deep JVLA and Chandraobservations of the HST Frontier Fields cluster MACSJ0717.5+3745. The Chandraimage shows a complex merger event, with at least four components belonging to different merging subclusters. Northwestof the cluster, ∼0.7 Mpc from the center, there is a ram-pressure-stripped core that appears to have traversed the densest parts of the cluster after entering the intracluster medium (ICM) from the direction of a galaxy filament to the southeast. We detect a density discontinuity north-northeastof this core, which we speculate is associated with a cold front. Our radio images reveal new details for the complex radio relic and radio halo in this cluster. In addition, we discover several new filamentary radio sources with sizes of 100-300kpc. A few of these seem to be connected to the main radio relic, while others are either embedded within the radio halo or projected onto it. A narrow-angled-tailed (NAT) radio galaxy, a cluster member, is located at the center of the radio relic. The steep spectrum tails of this active galactic nucleuslead into the large radio relic where the radio spectrum flattens again. This morphological connection between the NAT radio galaxy and relic provides evidence for reacceleration (revival) of fossil electrons. The presence of hot 20 keV ICM gas detected by Chandranear the relic location provides additional support for this re-acceleration scenario.
Skam, a Norwegian television series, uses social media accounts that purport to represent the world of the characters to integrate the drama of the series with the lived reality of the audience. This makes for a unique aesthetic experience that enquires into the role that social media plays in the lives of young people in the Western world, and how the dominance of this mode of interaction forces a reevaluation of our understanding of reality and fiction.
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