The study's objective was to describe the academic factors associated with developing the formative research process in public educational institutions in the municipality of Sincelejo. For this purpose, a quantitative and descriptive methodology was used, applying surveys to the students and teachers of the sample of 14 educational institutions; Additionally, a documentary analysis was carried out based on the variable of academic factors. Among the most relevant results, it was determined that the academic factor, which prevails in formative research from the student's perspective, is linked to the pedagogical practice implemented by teachers. It is concluded that the traditional model based on the transmission of knowledge and its accumulation predominates in educational institutions. At the same time, some oriented towards formative research and learning by doing have been implemented.