Objective Five French oncology institutions had participated in a funded study aiming at implementing an Evidence-Based Practice tool (PAM-13), which allowed nurses to measure the level of activation of the patient to support his or her own empowerment in the cancer care pathway. The purpose of this ancillary study is to (i) describe the caregivers’ perceptions of addictions and their management concurrently with cancer treatment, (ii) explore the role that Motivational Interviewing techniques can play. Methods 15 individual semi-structured interviews of caregivers were performed, using the Theoretical Domains Framework for the interview guide. Qualitative data were analyzed inductively, in a thematic analysis. The COREQ guided the reporting of this qualitative study. Results Views on addictions influence the way caregivers manage patients suffering from unresolved issues of addiction. Care is mainly focused on the pathology (cancer-centered) and strictly curative. When practiced, Motivational Interviewing is patient-centered, fostering the patient’s empowerment on the cancer care pathway. Conclusions The dissemination of Motivational Interviewing techniques in current practices in oncology, both in terms of doctors and nursing teams, would enable improvement to the management of addictions on the cancer care pathway, by deploying a patient-centered approach. This new paradigm of care would support the empowerment of patients enrolled in the cancer care pathway and promote better communication between caregivers and patients. Hence, a paradigm shift is essential. Motivational Interviewing techniques could provide a caring approach that promotes communication between the patient and the caregiver and also supports the former’s empowerment. This research suggests the need to adapt the cancer care pathway in order to integrate the necessary care for patients who concomitantly suffer from unresolved addictive disorders. Trial registration NCT03706937

No abstract

Background The increase in the number of cancer cases and the evolution of cancer care management have become a significant problem for the French health care system, thereby making patient empowerment as a long sought-after goal in chronic pathologies. The implementation of an activation measure via the Patient Activation Measure-13 item (PAM-13) in the course of cancer care can potentially highlight the patient’s needs, with nursing care adapting accordingly. Objective The objectives of this PARACT (PARAmedical Interventions on Patient ACTivation) multicentric study were as follows: (1) evaluate the implementation of PAM-13 in oncology nursing practices in 5 comprehensive cancer centers, (2) identify the obstacles and facilitators to the implementation of PAM-13, and (3) produce recommendations for the dissemination of such interventions in other comprehensive cancer centers. Methods This study will follow the “Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance” framework and will consist of 3 stages. First, a robust preimplementation analysis will be conducted using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) linked to the “Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior” model to identify the obstacles and facilitators to implementing new nursing practices in each context. Then, using the Behavior Change Wheel, we will personalize a strategy for implementing the PAM-13, depending on the specificities of each context, to encourage acceptability by the nursing staff involved in the project. This analysis will be performed via a qualitative study through semistructured interviews. Second, the patient will be included in the study for 12 months, during which the patient care pathway will be studied, particularly to collect all relevant contacts of oncology nurses and other health professionals involved in the pathway. The axes of nursing care will also be collected. The primary goal is to implement PAM-13. Secondary factors to be measured are the patient’s anxiety level, quality of life, and health literacy level. The oncology nurses will be responsible for completing the questionnaires when the patient is at the hospital for his/her intravenous chemotherapy/immunotherapy treatment. The questionnaires will be completed thrice in a year: (1) at the time of the patient’s enrollment, (2) at 6 months, and (3) at 12 months. Third, a postimplementation analysis will be performed through semistructured interviews using the TDF to investigate the implementation problems at each site. Results This study was supported by a grant from the French Ministry of Health (PHRIP PARACT 2016-0405) and the Lucien Neuwirth Institute of Cancerology of Saint-Etienne, France. Data collection for this study is ongoing. Conclusions This study would improve the implemented targeted nursing interventions in cancer centers so that a patient is offered a personalized cancer care pathway. Furthermore, measuring the level of activation and the implementation of measures intended to increase such activation could constitute a significant advantage in reducing social health inequalities. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03240341; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03240341 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17485

BACKGROUND The increase in the number of cancers and the chronicization of care for some of them is a major problem for the French care system. Thus, patient empowerment is a goal sought in chronic pathologies for several years. The Patient Activation Measure (PAM) has been developed to objectify the evolution of patients in this activation process. Indeed, patients with a high level of activation have less inappropriate use of care and better treatment adherence. Therefore, the implementation of an activation measure via the PAM 13 could highlight the patient’s needs and adapt the care to their needs. OBJECTIVE The main objectif of this study is to implement the PAM 13 as a tool for measuring the patients activation in care settings for cancer patients. METHODS This is a quasi-interventional, multicentric study open to implementation. The patient will be followed for 12 months. During this follow-up, the different patient contacts with the nurses and other health caregiver will be collected, as well as nursing strategies. The completion of the PAM 13, EQ-5D, HAD scale, and REALM R questionnaires will be done at baseline, at 6 months, and at 12 months. The completion will be carried out by a nurse. RESULTS Data collection for this study is ongoing. To date, 170 patients have participated in 3 of the 5 establishments of treatment of cancer. CONCLUSIONS This pioneering implementation study in French cancer centers, would improve the implement targeted nursing interventions, in order to offer the patient a personalized care pathway. On the other hand, the measurement of the level of activation and the implementation of measures intended to increase it, would be a major advantage in reducing social health inequalities. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03240341 ANSM : 2017-A00235-48 IDRCB: 2017-A00235-48