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The aim of this paper is to propose solutions for Romanian MSW treatment based on the bio-drying process as a tool for supporting the transient period necessary for complying with the EU regulations. In particular, the purpose of this paper is to compare four scenarios suitable for municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment. This case-study is interesting as waste management in Romania is changing quickly as a consequence of its recent entrance into the EU. For each scenario mass and energy balances have been developed taking into account the waste ultimate and proximate analysis, the lower heating value (LHV) of waste and also the energy consumption of each step of treatment. Results showed that selective collection plays an important role in decreasing the mass to be landfilled. The grate system guarantees the highest exploitation of the initial energy content of waste, but in this paper, direct combustion is not considered (the LHV of Romanian MSW is so low for a good combustion). A pre-treatment before combustion on grate is controversial because the addition of a treatment stage increases the cost of the management. Results demonstrated that a fluidized bed cannot give back the energy necessary for preparing Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). This limit resulted also from the scenario with gasification. The use of RDF in a large thermal power plant as a substitute of coal can exploit the higher efficiencies of the electricity conversion; in the study the LHV of RDF is anyway critical and alternative solutions must be taken into account for increasing its energy content.

In the current context of psychological, social, economic and spiritual interdependences that define the human personality, arises the need of effective collaboration and cooperation between educational factors and human resource management in companies and institutions for a common approach to the issue of career orientation and management. This type of collaboration and cooperation facilitates professional recruitment and selection as well as the students' socio-professional integration in terms of genuine economic and social efficiency. Career preparation and career management do not start at work, but in educational institutions as a result of the activization and efficientization of specific educational valences. The development and implementation of programs of vocational guidance, with the help of counselors, has a strong relevance in the planning and designing of the career of future workers in the labor market. Thus, career orientation, career education and career counseling should play a key role in the educational policy and become essential components of the goals of education and the formative process.

Abstract. The paper objective is to highlight the consequences of adding different alcohols in gasoline on the distillation characteristics of these blends. Changes of the distillation parameters (ti, t10, t50, t90, tf, E70, E100, E150) have been evaluated and, also, the evolution trends of the distillation curves for different alcohol added in mixture with the gasoline have been estimated. Several types of gasoline sold on the market and methanol, ethanol, i-propanol and butanol were used during the experiments and the corresponding distillation curves have been analyzed. The alcohol fraction in mixtures varied between 5 and 20%. Double blends with alcohol added in gasoline and triple blends with two alcohols added in gasoline were used. The comparison of the distillation curves of the mixtures was done with respect to that of pure gasoline. It was specified how the values of the distillation parameters, E70, E100 and E150, were set within the limits of EN 228. The distillation was made on 100 ml of fuel and the measurements were made on each 10 ml of fuel transformed into vapor state and then condensed. The influence of the alcohols present in these mixtures was manifested by the changes in the shape of the distillation curve. The butanol influence on the distillation temperatures was found lower than that of ethanol, because the physicochemical properties of the butanol are closer to those of gasoline. The molecules of alcohols actively interact with the fractions of gasolines, their combination leading to a conjugate effect and to a modifying the distillation parameters values. The variation of these parameters depends on the alcohol fraction in the mixture.