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In this paper, a new wireless sensor, designed for a 0.35 µm CMOS technology, is presented. The microchip was designed to be placed on an object for the continuous remote monitoring of its temperature and illumination state. The temperature sensor is based on the temperature dependence of the I-V characteristics of bipolar transistors available in CMOS technology, while the illumination sensor is an integrated p-n junction photodiode. An on-chip 2.5 GHz transmitter, coupled to a mm-sized dipole radiating element fabricated on the same microchip and made in the top metal layer of the same die, sends the collected data wirelessly to a radio receiver using an On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation pattern.

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In this paper, an RF energy harvesting system with an improved dynamic impedance matching network (DyIMN) is proposed. With this solution, the minimum RF input power required for circuit operation is -10 dBm, allowing a working distance of 1.5 m from an RF energy source of 30dBm. The system was fabricated on an FR4 substrate using off-the-shelf discrete components and it is able to convert RF energy to regulated DC voltage in order to power general-purpose electronic devices. The experimental results demonstrate the capability of the system to obtain an optimum impedance matching with a received RF power in the range -10 -+5dBm.

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