The rural area is an extremely varied area, agricultural area, the area occupied by forests and grazing the surface of non-agricultural lands (Riviera sea, etc.) and rural agglomerations is a separate entity from the urban areas characterized by a high demographic concentration and vertical and horizontal structures. Being often under the impact of old production systems, characterized by accelerated development and irrational of industry, the countryside has been subject to economic transformation, social and environmental, which mostly resulted in exodus and impoverishment of the rural population. Given this situation, are downright remarkable efforts of developed countries and not only to balance rural-urban ratio, reconciliation and revival of rural areas is kept of unique material and spiritual values. Rural areas are the result of interactions between man and nature, between interdependencies relations, who are specific to diversity of social actions and their natural environment, between the material and spiritual civilization, which for centuries coexist and evolve in a particular national territory. Image of rural area is emphasized by its size, which is the synthetic expression of social activities that are conducted using specific processes and phenomena of nature. All specific features of rural areas (natural, human, material and spiritual), which define the dimension of rural areas, are highlighted by the following components of the system: territorial administrative, demographic, economic and infrastructural. European rural area was and is the subject of extensive restructuring processes that were the result of a complex interaction of social phenomena, economic, sectoral and regional transfers. In circumstances where over half of the 27 Member States of the European Union lives in rural areas, and it occupies over 80% of the total territory, rural areas have considerable potential for growth, with a vital social role. Rural population and surface area occupied and the importance of rural life for a country, make the problem of rural development to gain a national and international importance. In this article the authors presents rural areas as an important part of a country with all its components. The authors elaborated a comparative analysis of rural areas from Poland and Romania from demographic perspective. The analysis was elaborated using indicators like population density, population structure by gender and age, migrations of population, relying on data from national and european statistics.

In recent years rural areas of the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodship have seen very significant changes, especially with the participation of the Rural Development Program 2007-2013. The aim of the article was to diagnose the factors determining the implementation and management of the Leader 2007-2013 program in the institutional and personnel aspect in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeship, and to diagnose the functioning of the Local Action Groups as the actors responsible for shaping the regional and local sustainable rural development policy, RDP 2007-2013 program. As a result of the research, there is a need to continue research leading to an assessment of the effectiveness of LAG activities and the creation of local leaders, which may have a significant impact on local community participation in moderating local development.

Purpose: The study's main objective was to assess employee satisfaction at the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz. Specific objectives included areas of employee satisfaction, assessing the opportunities for professional development, job motivation, and satisfaction, the opinions on the changes necessary to be undertaken at the University to improve job satisfaction. Design/Methodology/Approach: The evaluation study was conducted using a survey questionnaire, which was distributed to the employees using an electronic questionnaire via the Limesurvey system, a traditional paper questionnaire, available at the University's lodges, and in a downloadable version available via the INTRA network. Conclusions:The study showed that the respondents are satisfied, among others, with their professional development at the University, the possibility of using their abilities or competencies, and their achievements. Practical implications:The study also showed that the respondents are satisfied with the opportunity to acquire knowledge, new skills, and self-fulfillment. In this group of questions, the university employees surveyed rate employment stability the lowest. It is insufficient for 22.32% of the respondents, while for 22.03%, it is sufficient. Originality/value Satisfaction testing is a valuable tool for streamlining the organization and increasing employee satisfaction.

A business represents the organized effort of a group of individuals who seek to obtain and market goods and services that meet the demands of society in order to make a profit. Agricultural business are unique in that they requires the application of a specific set of principles and concepts. Business success has different dimensions, some business owners associate success with financial rewards, while others can define success as satisfaction and completion. In the present article authors want to reveal the perception of Polish and Romanian farmers regarding business success.  The perception of farmers regarding business success is emphasized by a study based on a quantitative method. Data were collected through a survey, using as research instrument a questionnaire. The research methodology involved: questionnaire design, questionnaire testing, application the questionnaire, analysis and interpretation of data and drawing conclusions. The survey was made using the application provided by Google (Google Forms), questionnaires were filled online. The questionnaire, was applied among farmers from 2 countries, all respondents manage small and medium sized farms. More precise, authors want to reveal what means success for farmers, which are the factors that determines success in their opinion, what do they do to obtain success in their business

No abstract