Neonatal lambs are frequently presented for minor surgical interventions (entropion and atresia ani correction) and for treatment of broken limbs. Providing the fracture is closed, simple, and adequate stabilisation is possible then the prognosis for these is good. More rarely they may be presented for the treatment of other traumatic injuries. Any surgery should be performed with an appropriate level of anaesthesia, and anaesthetic techniques applicable to neonatal lambs are reviewed. When performing anaesthesia on neonatal lambs their reduced metabolic capacity, low bodyweight and susceptibility to hypothermia should all be considered.