Background: Xenogeneic matrices (XMs) have been increasingly used for root coverage procedures. This study compared the use of two types of XM (collagen matrix [CM] and xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix [XDM]) associated with the coronally advanced flap technique (CAF) to treat single gingival recessions.Methods: Seventy-five patients presenting single RT1 gingival recession were treated by CAF (control group, n = 25), CAF+CM (test group 1, n = 25), or CAF+XDM (test group 2, n = 25) and completed 6-month follow-up. Clinical, patient-centered, and esthetic assessments were performed and intra-and intergroup differences were analyzed.Results: At 6 months, the mean recession reduction for CAF, CAF+CM, and CAF+XDM was 2.4 ± 0.8 mm, 2.4 ± 0.9 mm and 2.1 ± 0.8 mm, respectively (P > 0.05). The corresponding mean percentage of root coverage was 78.9% ± 26.2% for CAF, 78.0% ± 28.5% for CAF+CM, and 65.6% ± 26.9% for CAF+XDM (P > 0.05). Dentin hypersensitivity and esthetic conditions showed significantly improvements in all groups. Test groups presented significant gains in gingival thickness (GT; CAF+CM: 0.4 ± 0.3 mm; CAF+XDM: 0.4 ± 0.2 mm) compared to the control group (CAF: 0.0 ± 0.1 mm; P < 0.05). Conclusion:The CAF, CAF+CM, and CAF+XDM treatments each provided similar results in the treatment of single gingival recessions. The addition of either CM or XDM to CAF increases the GT.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor used to treat type II diabetes, on bone tissue and on implant osseointegration in diabetic rats.Design: Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups: 1) Diabetic animals (GD);2) Diabetic animals that received sitagliptin (GDS); 3) Normoglycemic animals (GN); and 4) Normoglycemic animals that received sitagliptin (GNS). All animals received titanium implants in the right tibia. Sitagliptin or its dilution vehicle were administered for 4 weeks. Glycemia, HOMA-IR, insulinemia, microtomographic parameters of the left tibia, implant bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) and of the right tibia were evaluated. Results:The model used to induce diabetes led to hyperglycemia. However, HOMA-IR results showed no insulin resistance, and insulinemia was lower in diabetic animals, demonstrating the development of type I diabetes. Sitagliptin administration did not influence glycemic control. The diabetic animals showed a lower BAFO, and bone volume fraction, as well as a lower trabecular number and thickness, revealing the deleterious effect of diabetes on bone metabolism and osseointegration. Conclusion:In this model, sitagliptin administration did not reverse the negative effects of type I diabetes on bone, suggesting that sitagliptin has no direct action on bone tissue and has no protective bone action in decompensated diabetic animals.

A mandibular buccal bifurcation cyst is an inflammatory cyst that usually occurs on the buccal aspect of the permanent mandibular first molar of children. This lesion is diagnosed by an association of radiographic, clinical, and histological features. We report a bilateral case of mandibular buccal bifurcation cyst and discuss the main findings of this entity. A 7-year-old girl presented pain and delayed dental eruption in the posterior mandibular region. A cone beam computed tomography was performed and revealed hypodense lesions involving the crown and root of the mandibular first molars, with expansion of the buccal cortical and lingual tilting of the molar roots. A biopsy was carried out, and the common features of an inflammatory odontogenic cyst were histologically observed. The final diagnosis was bilateral mandibular buccal bifurcation cyst. Clinicians need to be aware of this diagnostic possibility in cases of mandibular cysts in children—especially when bilateral—to perform the correct treatment, which should not involve the extraction of the affected tooth.

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