Los Estudios de Ciencia y Tecnología (Science and Technology Studies [STS]) y la Teoría del Actor-Red (Actor-Network Theory [ANT]), junto con la antropología “más allá de lo humano”, promueven un enfoque no antropocéntrico en las ciencias sociales, donde las entidades no humanas hacen parte del mundo social. Desde dicha perspectiva no antropocéntrica, este artículo tiene como objetivo cuestionar el uso de “distanciamiento social” como un término preciso, donde el calificativo “social” se asocia únicamente a seres humanos. Si el distanciamiento es un concepto clave para prevenir el contagio de COVID-19 entre seres humanos, sería más correcto hablar de distanciamiento físico o corporal. Al hablar de distanciamiento social, en realidad estamos distanciando lo social, reduciendo su complejidad, ya que está compuesto por entidades que no son necesariamente humanas o incluso visibles a nuestros ojos, como el nuevo coronavirus. Este artículo invita a buscar términos alternativos al concepto de “distanciamiento social” que nos permitan expresar mejor la complejidad de lo social de una manera menos antropocéntrica.
This article studies the relationship between tourism, education, and women’s empowerment through ethnographic research in the rural town of Chinchero (Cusco, Peru). The participant observation and interviews with Quechua-speaking women weavers working in textile centers show the importance of tourism as an economic resource and educational resource for them and their children. Beyond the investment in education through tourism income, it is argued that interaction with tourists offers weavers a platform to acquire, practice, and improve their language (English and Spanish) and public speaking skills. This second little-studied aspect allows us to understand how economic and educational elements favor female empowerment in the rural Andes, taking into account its possibilities and limitations.
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