Background Breast Implant Associated-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) epidemiological studies focus on incidence and risk estimates. Objectives The aim of this manuscript is to perform a thorough review of scientific literature, and provide an accurate estimate of BIA-ALCL prevalence in Europe. Methods For the review, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases to identify publications regarding BIA-ALCL epidemiology. Research was conducted between November 2019 and August 2020. European prevalence was assessed as the ratio between pathology-confirmed cases and breast implant-bearing individuals. The Committee on Device Safety and Development (CDSD) collected data from National Plastic Surgery Societies, Health Authorities, and Disease-Specific Registries to calculate the numerator. The denominator was estimated combining European demographic data with scientific reports. Results Our research identified 507 manuscripts: 106 were excluded for not being relevant to BIA-ALCL. From the remaining 401 manuscripts, we selected 35 that discussed epidemiology and 12 reviews. CDSD reported 420 cases in Europe, with an overall prevalence of 1:13,745 cases in the European Union counting 28 members (EU-28). Countries, where specific measures have been implemented to tackle BIA-ALCL, account for 61% of EU-28 population and actively reported 382 cases with an overall prevalence of 1:9,121. Conclusion Countries where specific measures have been implemented show a higher prevalence of BIA-ALCL compared to mean European value, suggesting that they improve the detection of the condition and reduce underreporting that affects the numerator value. Other nations should adopt projections based on those measures to avoid underestimating how widespread BIA-ALCL is.

Objective: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the endothelial-mediated disorders within atherosclerosis. Considering that an oxidant/antioxidant imbalance might be a key factor in the damaging ROS-mediated effects, the present study intends to determine the influence of a high-fat diet, associated with essential amino acids-valine and leucine, upon the experimental animals, through evaluation of plasmatic level of some antioxidant enzymes. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 32 male Wistar rats, which were fed with cholesterol, valine and leucine, for 60 days. The animals were divided into four groups, according to the received diet: the first group-standard diet; the second group-cholesterol (C); the third group-cholesterol and valine (C + V); the fourth group-cholesterol and leucine (C + L). Evaluations of the oxidative status, through plasma levels of the antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidise (GPx), were made for the four mentioned groups of animals, at the beginning of the study (R0), after one (R1) and two months (R2). Results: The average values of SOD and GPx in group of animals fed exclusively with cholesterol (C) were significantly higher compared to the third group where cholesterol was supplemented with valine (C + V) or fourth group fed with cholesterol and leucine (C + L) (p < 0.001), after one month as well at the end of the experiment (two months). There were no significant differences in the levels of SOD and GPx between group III and group IV (p < 0.05) at the end of the experiment. Conclusion: Our results showed that valine and leucine decreased the serum levels of SOD and GPx and therefore they were useful antioxidants, * Corresponding author. E. Cojocaru et al. 2314 which could improve the endothelial dysfunctions associated with atherosclerosis. Moreover, analysis of the oxidative status in the context of atherosclerotic mediated endothelial damage suggests that deviation from normal to alter endothelial status may be conditioned by an oxidants/antioxidants imbalance.

Breast reconstruction involves two major conditions: to be oncologically safe and to respect the aesthetic of the reconstructed breast. Moreover, every healthcare system in the world manifests a keen tendency to cut back on medical costs, which influences our surgical techniques and breast reconstruction procedures. The use of biological matrices like the acellular dermal matrix has become an acknowledged alternative in implant-based breast reconstruction, in spite of the many impediments and controversies that surround it. However, these matrices are costly and less attainable as compared to synthetic meshes that are conservative with resources and unyielding to the formation of biofilm bacteria. Accordingly, we decided to research the impact of synthetic meshes in implant-based breast reconstruction.

RezumatReconstrucţia de sân implică două decizii majore: alegerea momentului optim şi a tehnicii adecvate de reconstrucţie pentru fiecare pacientă, luând în considerare complicaţiile şi riscurile care pot rezulta în urma acestor decizii. Prin selectarea atentă a pacientelor şi individualizarea reconstrucţiei de sân, riscurile şi complicaţiile acestei proceduri pot fi minimizate, cu rezultat estetic bun şi satisfacţie ridicată în rândul pacientelor. Reconstrucţia de sân poate fi realizată prin 3 modalităţi distincte: reconstrucţia imediată -la momentul mastectomiei, reconstrucţia secundară -la finalizarea tratamentului adjuvant şi reconstrucţia imediat-întârziată care utilizează ambele metode precedente -include expansiunea tisulară la momentul mastectomiei şi reconstrucţia definitivă la finalizarea tratamentului adjuvant. Strategiile perfecţionate timp de decenii în chirurgia reconstructivă a sânului au făcut posibilă reconstrucţia imediată a sânului oferind pacientelor şansa de a se recupera după o intervenţie de mastectomie cu un nou sân reconstruit. Deşi nu toate pacientele aleg reconstrucţia sânului, procentele celor care optează pentru reconstrucţie sunt în continuă creştere, iar tehnici noi şi îmbunătăţite se dezvoltă rapid.Cuvinte cheie: cancer de sân, mastectomie, reconstrucţie de sân, conservarea ţesutului cutanat, implant mamar

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