No abstract

Attributions and related biases are particularly relevant to the development and maintenance of positive symptoms in psychosis (Howes & Murray, 2014) and depressive symptoms in mood and psychotic disorders (Davidson et al., 2018). Some studies in psychosis show that the attributional style is probably a separate construct of social cognition since it minimally correlates with other domains (Buck et al., 2016). Bentall et al. (2001) differentiate two biases: a general tendency to make non-self-attributions, including people and circumstances, for positive events ("externalising bias") and a specific tendency to blame others for negative events ("personalising bias"). Individuals who usually tend to explain disturbing events in terms of external (non-self) causes may be particularly prone to develop delusional beliefs about such experiences (Langdon et al., 2013). On the other hand, several studies observed a higher tendency to attribute positive events (but not negative) to oneself (So et al., 2015), but other studies did not (Achim et al., 2016). Moreover, persecutory delusions caused by an externalising attributional bias maintain self-esteem preserved in persons with delusions (Murphy et al., 2018). By contrast, later research from the "defence model" of persecutory delusions predicts that people with this kind of delusions have lower selfesteem than people with depression and a greater externalising Clínica y Salud (2020) xx(x) xx-xx

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