Ruíz Alvarado y E.O. Rueda-Puente. ECOFISIOLOGÍA Y BIOQUÍMICA DE Salicornia bigelovii (Torr.) POR EFECTO DE QUITOSANO-AIB BAJO CONDICIONES DEL DESIERTO DE SONORA. ECOPHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF Salicornia bigelovii (TORR.) BY EFFECT OF CHITOSAN-AIB EFFECT UNDER SONORA DESERT CONDITIONS.

Phytosanitary inspectors play an important role in diagnosing diseases in foreign plant material. However, some defi ciencies have been detected in the detectionc ausing the entrance of many microorganisms. Therefore, it was of great interest to detect the presence of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) in foreign tomato and chili seed in the agricultural area of Sinaloa, Mexico, besides the growth and cell density of Cmm was evaluated in different selective media under continuous illumination and photoperiod. The results indicate that seeed of 35 varieties of tomatoes was collected; while for Chili seed were 18. This study was supported by farmers (225) which represent 79% of all growers and 32 business engaged in the sale of agrosupplies, provided seeds of varieties and hybrids. Those growers are from six areas (Culiacan, El Tamarindo, Navolato, Culiacan, El dorado and Badiraguato). For detection of Cmm in tomato seed, from 35, only four was variability considering Immunochromatography and ELISA techniques; however, considering chemical and physiological test, the result was negative. Similar results were in 18 varietes of chili seed, where eight showed variability to detect Cmm, and negative by chemical and physiological test. According to the growth and cell density of Cmm, the optimal medium was YDC under pH stable and continuous light conditions. It is recommended to consider the fusion of diagnostic techniques in the emission of a result.

No abstract

El silicio (Si) tiene efectos benéficos sobre la tolerancia de las plantas a diversos estreses bióticos y abióticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la nutrición con Si en tomate cultivado bajo condiciones de estrés salino inducido (S), sobre la temperatura de las hojas, la fluorescencia de la clorofila y la conductancia estomática (gs). El experimento se realizó bajo condiciones de invernadero durante el ciclo primavera-verano de 2017. Se utilizó un diseño de parcelas divididas distribuidas al azar. En el cual la parcela principal fue la salinidad [con NaCl o con solución nutritiva estándar (SNS)] y la subparcela fue la aplicación de Si (0, 4, 8 g L-1). La medición de las variables se realizó durante el día. Los resultados mostraron que la temperatura de la hoja se incrementó al amanecer en plantas con NaCl y al atardecer el efecto se invirtió y los valores mayores fueron en plantas con SNS. Al medio día, se identificó interacción Si × S en las variables de eficiencia fotosintética (Fv/Fm) y fluorescencia mínima (Fo). La fluorescencia máxima (Fm) resultó más afectada por el tipo de salinidad, presentando los valores mayores plantas con SNS. Se concluyó que la respuesta fisiológica diurna de la planta de tomate cultivado bajo condiciones salinas dependerá del tipo de sal empleada y de la dosis de Si, sobretodo en horas tempranas y tardías del día.

Worldwide, potato is considered the fourth most important crop for human consumption. In recent years, in some regions of the USA and Canada, the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), called bacterial wilt (Mb), has caused serious damage. Given the proximity of these countries, with Mexico as a tuber importer, the odds of an eventual introduction of these diseases are significant, especially in areas with large tracts of potato. Therefore, this research was performed to detect the presence of Rs in tuber and vegetative material of Solanum tuberosum and evaluated the bactericidal effect of essential oils. The results indicated that the presence of the bacterium Rs was negative in tuber from abroad. Nevertheless, we detected the presence of the causal agent of bacterial wilt in potatoes for domestic consumption that producers could use these tubers as production material. Oils of oregano and thyme showed inhibitory effects on the growth of Rs. Essential oils are considered as an alternative for the control of Rs.