311 Resumo AbstractThe study was based on activities developed at Embu, SP, between October 1989 and June 1990. Its purpose was to study serological turning after child vaccination against measles at the age of nine months. Two groups were compared, both within the same age limits. Group number I included eutrophic children and group number II included undernourished children. Gomes criteria was used to evaluate the children's nutritional state.Antibodies (AB) dosage was done through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and ELISA. These two laboratory methods were also checked regarding its sensibility.Out of 130 children studied, 80 could be evaluated. From this total, 56 (70%) belonged to group I and 24 (30%) belonged to group II.When the ELISA method was used, a significantly higher seroconversion percentage (P < 0,05 or 5%) was found among children belonging to group II. This percentage was not detected when the HI method was used.J. pediatr. (Rio J.). 1996; 72(5):311-318: vaccine, measles, malnutrition, seroconversion. Viragem sorológica após a vacinação contra o sarampo, realizada em crianças eutróficas e desnutridas, aos nove meses de idade Comparison of seroconversion rates between well-nourished and malnourished children after measles immunization at nine months of age