Fabrics treated with dimethyloldihydroxylethyleneurea (DMDHEU) are susceptible to formaldehyde release. High concentrations of formaldehyde have been reported to cause cancer in animal studies. Due to the toxicity of DMDHEU, the polycarboxylic acid class of non-formaldehyde crosslinking agents used for wrinkle-resistant treatment has been introduced. Among various researches, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) is a desirable reactant when catalysed with sodium hypophosphite (SHP). The characteristics of TiO 2 or nano-TiO2, acting as a co-catalyst in a BTCA wrinkle-resistant finishing system are examined in this study. Surface morphology and molecular structure of cotton specimens together with the wrinkle-resistant, UV protection, yellowing, tensile and tearing properties of the treated specimens are also evaluated.

Quality control is essential to ensure product quality in the textile industry and the way of sampling can determine its effectiveness as the facts regarding the quality are derived from the inspection of the samples chosen. Such data can be used in the control charts to determine whether control is necessary at the desirable level and whether further industrial processes are required. If products or processes are not inspected carefully, these decisions cannot be made properly. Two case studies were carried out in order to investigate the effects of two sampling methods, namely, fixed sampling and random sampling, on the detection of yarn characteristics. According to the results of the yarn strength (tenacity) test, it was found that data obtained by random sampling were more revealing about the reality of a spinning process (whether it was in control or out of control) than fixed sampling. The findings also help detect the quality characteristics of different types of yarn, such as ring-spun yarn and open-end yarn.

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CO 2 laser processing was used in this study for engraving denim fabric. By controlling the laser process parameters, i.e. pixel time (µs) and resolution (dot per inch), laser with different powers can be produced which were used for engraving a square pattern in denim fabric. After laser engraving, the shade and related colour properties of the denim fabric were measured and compared with the untreated one.

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