The purpose of this study was to determine if there were any differences in ankle range of motion, strength, or work between persons with normal ankles (Normal,n= 14), those with functional ankle instability (FAI,n= 15), and those with a history of FAI who have been through formal proprioceptive rehabilitation (Rehab,n= 14). A second puipose was to determine normative values for ankle strength and work measurements using the Biodex® isokinetic system. There were no significant differences between groups for ankle range of motion or for any strength or work measurements. The overall strength/work averages were 11.75/3.42 for plantar flexion, 339/1.48 for dorsiflexion, 3.30/2.40 for inversion, and 2.62/1.79 for eversion. Dorsiflexion torque overall was 31.43% of plantar flexion, and the evertors produced 75.42% of the torque produced by the invertors. It is recommended that clinicians continue to rehabilitate ankles with strength and proprioceptive exercises but do not rely on ankle strength/work testing as the only criteria for determining an athlete's readiness to return to full activity.

Context: Treating both the body and the mind of an injured or ill patient is accepted as necessary for full healing to occur. However, treating the spiritual needs of the patient has less consensus.Objective: To determine the perceptions and practices of certified athletic trainers (ATs) working in the college/university setting pertaining to spiritual care of the injured athlete.Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: A survey instrument was e-mailed to a stratified random sample of 2000 ATs at 4-year colleges and universities.Patients or Other Participants: Five hundred sixty-four participants (296 men, 234 women; 34 did not specify sex). Main Outcome Measure(s):We measured the ATs' perceptions and practices related to spiritual care for athletes.Results: We found that 82.4% of respondents agreed that addressing spiritual concerns could result in more positive therapeutic outcomes for athletes; however, 64.3% disagreed that ATs are responsible for providing the spiritual care. Positive correlations were found between personal spirituality and items favoring implementing spiritual care.Conclusions: Athletic trainers have a conceptual appreciation of the importance of spiritual care for athletes, but the practicalities of how to define, acquire skills in, and practice spiritual care are unresolved.Key Words: treatment, spirituality, holistic careKey Points• Athletic trainers agreed that addressing spiritual care of injured athletes could result in more positive therapeutic outcomes.• Participants disagreed that providing spiritual care is their responsibility.• Hesitancy by practitioners to incorporate spirituality into therapy might result from an inaccurate perception that providing spiritual care is synonymous with sharing personal spiritual beliefs. • More research is needed to determine the scope and efficacy of practicing spiritual care with injured athletes.

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Spirituality in healthcare has been researched in multiple healthcare professions; however, very little research has been done in athletic training, and no studies have investigated the athletes' perception. The purpose of our online survey study was to determine the perceptions of college student-athletes on spiritual care. Our participants included 268 collegiate student-athletes from both faith-based and non-faith-based institutions. Respondents agree that spirituality may affect treatment progress, addressing spiritual concerns of the athlete could result in a more positive outcome, and certified athletic trainers should have some basic skills and knowledge to support the spiritual needs of the athlete.