(a) finding out about ADHD, (b) taking on a biomedical meaning, (c) living between two cultures, (d) caring for a child with ADHD, and (e) looking toward the future with ADHD. Although some of the circumstances encountered by Latino parents resemble those typically found in the literature about ADHD and families, their experience is rendered inordinately complex by multiple overlapping sociocultural, linguistic, and parental circumstances.
In this sample, we found neither a higher prevalence of latent toxoplasmosis in the AD group compared with the control group nor differences in serum anti-T. gondii IgG titers between groups.
Posters (Saturday) S141 Background: Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) is the neurophysiological transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paradigm that indexes central cholinergic activity from the motor cortex (M1). Recently, we established a method to index SAI from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), an area implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Here, we investigated SAI in both M1 and the DLPFC in SCZ patients compared to healthy controls (HC). We hypothesized that modulation of N100 on TMS-evoked potential (TEP) by SAI paradigm from the DLPFC would be attenuated in SCZ compared to HC. Further, the modulation of N100 would be correlated with cognitive performance. Methods: Age-matched 12 SCZ and 12 HC were examined with a combined TMS-electroencephalography (EEG). SAI from the left M1 (M1-SAI) and DLPFC (DLPFC-SAI) were indexed by conditioning a single suprathreshold TMS with right median nerve stimulation at interstimulus intervals of N20+2ms (M1-SAI) and N20+4ms (DLPFC-SAI), respectively. TEPs by M1-and DLPFC-SAI were analyzed using independent component analysis individually. Results: With M1-SAI paradigm, there was no significant change in TEP N100 (t11 = −2.30, P = .822) in the SCZ group or no significant difference in N100 modulation between the HC and SCZ groups (t22 = 1.917, P = 0.068). However, with DLPFC-SAI paradigm, we observed a significant N100 attenuation at the DLPFC (t11 = −4.926, P < .0001), and modulation of N100 was significantly different between the HC and SCZ groups (t22 = 5.456, P < .0001; SCZ < HC). Furthermore, the N100 modulation by DLPFC-SAI was significantly correlated with executive function as measured with the Trail Making Test (r = −0.740, P = .006, N = 12). Conclusion: The modulation of N100 by the DLPFC-SAI may reflect the prefrontal pathophysiology of SCZ and thus could be a potential biomarker for cholinergic and executive dysfunction in SCZ.
The objectives of this qualitative study are: to explore ways in which women with positive and inconclusive breast and ovarian cancer (BRCA) genetic test results assign meaning, make interpretations, and respond to test results and recommendations for risk reduction and disease detection interventions; and to develop a grounded theory based on the perceptions, beliefs, and actions of these women. A grounded theory method has been used to study a theoretical sample of 30 women in North America with positive or inconclusive BRCA genetic test results, not diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer. The findings will assist in the future design of nursing interventions to provide required information and ensure support for women making risk reduction and disease detection decisions after BRCA testing.
The objective of this work is to determine if there is a correlation between genetic markers associated with the dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) (linked to Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (linked with stress level) and the physical activity level of older adults. Saliva samples were collected from participants in the Huntsman World Senior Games and from a second group of older adults living in Utah County, Utah. Surveys about physical and emotional wellness were also administered to all participants. DNA was isolated from the saliva samples and PCR was run with primers specific to each target. Restriction enzymes were used to cut the PCR products, which were then run on agarose gels, and band patterns were assessed based on published findings for each gene. Single sample z‐tests were performed for each gene. For the GR gene, the results show a significant increase in the genotype GG (z score: 2.63) in the Senior Games population. For DRD2, the homozygous genotypes (A1, A2) were more prevalent in the Senior Games population (4, 5.36 respectively). The heterozygous allele (A1A2) was highly prevalent in the Utah County sample population (−8.15). The higher prevalence of alleles correlated with stress in the Senior Games population was unexpected but may indicate an association of these alleles with healthy aging. This work was supported by a grant from the BYU Gerontology Program.
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