No abstract

-Dans la première partie de cet article, une étude bibliographique présente les mécanismes de formation de sous-produits de chloration susceptibles de se former lors de la désinfection des eaux de piscines par réaction du chlore avec les principaux contaminants apportés par les baigneurs et en particulier avec les constituants majeurs de l'urée et de la sueur : ammoniaque, urée, créatinine, acides aminés… La seconde partie de l'article donne des exemples de valeurs de concentrations en sous-produits de chloration mesurées dans des eaux de piscines. Ces analyses montrent en particulier que les concentrations totales en sous-produits organohalogénéss o n t généralement comprises entre 500 et 1000 μg équivalent chlore par litre. Les sous-produits de chloration les plus abondants sont des composés de faible masse moléculaire apparente (< 1000 g.mol −1), par ordre de concentrations décroissantes, les acides haloacétiques (acides diet trichloraoacétique), l'hydrate de chloral, les trihalométhanes et les haloacétonitriles.

Pinnipeds, as any mammal species, use multimodal signals, including olfactory ones, to ensure vital functions. Thus, some pinniped species seem able to use olfaction in both social and foraging contexts and to discriminate between different odors in air including both natural and artificial odors, but studies on that topic remain scarce. Here, we studied the olfactory capabilities of California sea lions living in captivity at La Flèche Zoo (France) in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. We used two categories of odors: social odors (from familiar individuals of the same group, unfamiliar individuals from another Zoo, animal zookeepers and a terrestrial carnivore) and non-social odors (food and odors identified as repellents in certain vertebrates). Several behavioral parameters were measured and analyzed as the number and duration of contact with the odor, mouth openings, vocalizations (air only) and air bubble production (water only). Our results, although limited by the low number of animals monitored (n=5), suggest that California sea lions are able to discriminate between different odors both in the air and under water. In the aquatic environment, the process allowing the perception of odors remains to be characterized. Applications to this work could be considered in captive conditions as well as in the wild.

This report documents the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of a suspected eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP) in a captive 6-year-old female six-banded armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus). Clinical findings included weight loss, relapsing chronic rhinitis despite antibiotic and antifungal treatments, and abnormal respiratory sounds. EBP was highly suspected using complete blood count, computed tomography and histopathology performed on nasal biopsies. Severe hypereosinophilia (6630 cells/µl), a marked necrotic ulcerative chronic rhinitis with encrusted microscopic vegetable fragments and a diffuse bilateral interstitial pulmonary pattern evidenced on medical imaging were the main findings on further procedures. Corticosteroid therapy along with targeted antibiotics and animal isolation in an environment with reduced allergens resulted in decreased hypereosinophilia and clinical recovery. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that EBP is suspected in another species than dogs.