This study uses both the endogenous switching regression and propensity score matching models to analyze the adoption and impact of improved maize varieties on maize yields in central Cameroon. The results show that (i) education level, agricultural training, proximity to an Institute of Agricultural Research for Development branch and farmers’ perceptions of yield and risk of improved maize varieties significantly affect the adoption of improved maize varieties and (ii) the adoption of improved maize varieties enhances maize yields. Therefore, policies designed to stimulate adoption of improved maize varieties should be promoted. Improvement of access to school and agricultural training may serve as good strategies for promoting the adoption of improved maize varieties in Cameroon.

The main objectives of this work are two‐fold: we seek first to specify the relationship between agricultural productivity and non‐agricultural employment and second to assess the effect of productivity growth on the employment of the off‐farm sector in the long run. The econometric results of our panel vector autoregressive depict a causal relationship with single direction from agricultural productivity to non‐agricultural employment. Between productivity and inequalities, causality seems to function only from productivity to inequalities. This explains the fact that productivity growth generates significant inequalities in the distribution of income, which is necessary to enhancing investments in the agricultural sector. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Access to the market for smallholder is a permanent concern of actors of development in developing country. Many studies carried out arrived at conclusions according to which the smallholder still badly connected to the agricultural market (Key et al., 2000;Gabre-Madhin, 2001;Gabre-Madhin, 2009). One of the solutions is to improve the access of those smallholder to the market is the collective marketing of their product through the farmer's organizations (FOs). These FOs being regarded as small commercial firms, the question of their efficiency remains a permanent concern for the farmers who do always participate to this form of marketing. This article thus aims of measuring the differences in efficiency between the forms of FOs and identifying the determinants of these differences in efficiency. The estimation of efficiency levels is made by the DEA model and the identification of the determinants of these efficiency levels is made by the model of negative binomial regression. Globally, the results show that FOs commercial efficiency is still low. This level is estimated at 0.57. Besides, efficiency is significantly affected by FO's internal factors (FOs' age, number of years spent in the position by the FOs' administrative staff, governance level of FOs, education level of FOs' leaders and leaders' productive capacity) and external factor (area removal). In particular, the results indicate on the one hand that the age at which FO is mature for marketing efficiency is 32 months. This age which seems to be rather long may be due to the fragility of most of FOs. On the other hand, the estimation indicates that the weight of productive leaders encouraged them to meet the objectives of farmers.

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