No abstract

The 1,000 Ib steam/h watertube reserarch boiler is a standard Cleaver Brooks "Aframe" watertube boiler with a maximum thermal input of 2 million B M. A schematic diagram of the boiler and auxiliaries is given in Figure 1. The boiler operates at a maximum steam pressure of 200 psig. The combustion chamber is 3 ft wide, 3 ft high and 7'ft long, and designed for a maximum heat release rate of 42,000 Btu/ft3 h. The boiler contains 288 ft2 of heating surface. extends the length of the combustion chamber by two feet, The qual and the boiler are preheated by burning natural gas prior to introducing of the test fuel. The preheated quarl acts as a source of radiant heat to help support the flame. Figure 2 shows the burnerhozzle /quarl section of the boiler. inch diameter screw feeder. The pulverized coal was entrained into an annular section and then through a swirler. The feed rate of pulverized coal was monitored by load cells. The boiler is equipped with nine pairs of 3-inch diameter side ports for gaseous and particulate sapling. The combustion gases, at the end of the radiant section, are split into two convective passes, one on each side of the radiant combustion chamber. There are access doors into each end of the convective sections, two ash hoppers under each convective section (to collect ash when burning solid fuels), and a doorway into the combustion chamber. The gases exiting the convective section are cooled to below 500°F in an economizer located on top of the combustion chamber and then pass into a baghouse. The products of combustion (02, C02, COY NOx and S02) are monitored at the economizer outlet with a series of on-line gas analyzers. The baghouse contains sixteen 5 inches diameter by 8 ft long high-temperature fiber glass bags with out-to-in flow and pulse-jet cleaning. To promote evaporation and ignition of difficult-to-burn fuels, a ceramic quarl

The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), through an Interagency Agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), has initiated a three-phase program with the Consortium for Coal-Water Mixture Technology, with the aim of decreasing DODs reliance on imported oil by increasing its use of coal. The program is being conducted as a cooperative agreement between the Consortium and DOE. PHASE I Activities this reporting period are summarized by phase. During this reporting period, preparation of the Phase I final report continued. The report is undergoing final review and will be submitted during the next reporting period. PHASE I1 Work in Phase I1 focused on emissions reductions, coal beneficationlpreparation Emissions reductions investigations included initiating a study to indentify studies, and economic analyses of coal use. appropriate SO2 and NOx control technologies for coal-fired industrial boilers. In addition, work started on the design of a ceramic filtering device for installation on the demonstration boiler. The ceramic filtering device will be used to demonstrate a more compact and efficient filtering device for retrofit applications. Coal preparation and utilization activities, and the economic analysis were completed and work focused on preparing the final report. PHASE I11 Work in Phase III focused on coal preparation studies and economic analyses of coal use. Coal preparation studies were focused on continuing activities on particle size The economic study focused on selecting incentives for commercialization of coal control, physical separations, surface-based separation processes, and dry processing. using technologies, community sensitivity to coal usage, regional economic impacts of new coal utilization technologies, and constructing a national energy portfolio.

, has initiated a three-phase program with the Consortium for CoalWater Mixture Technology, with the a i m of decreasing DODs reliance on imported oil by increasing its use of coal. The program is being conducted as a cooperative agreement between the Consortium and DOE.Activities this reporting period are summarized by phase.Phase I is nearly completed. During this reporting period, coal beneficiatiodpreparation studies, engineering designs and economics for retrofitting the Crane, Indiana boiler to f i e coalbased fuels, and a 1,000-hour demonstration of dry, micronized coal were completed. In addition, a demonstration-scale micronized-coal water mixture (MCWM) preparation circuit was constructed and a 1,000-hour demonstration f k n g MCWM began. Preparation of the Phase I final report has started. PHASE I1 PHASE IWork in Phase II focused on emissions reductions, coal beneficatiodpreparation studies, Emissions reductions investigations involved literature surveys of NOx, S02, trace metals, and economic analyses of coal use.volatile organic compounds, and fine particulate matter capture. In addition, vendors and engineering firms were contacted to identify the appropriate emissions technologies for the installation of commercial NOx and SO2 removal systems on the demonstration boiler. Information from the literature surveys and engineering firms will be used to identify, design, and install a control system(s). preparation procedures, and on the development of advanced processes for beneficiating high ash, high sulfur coals.Work also continued on determining the basic cost estimation of boiler retrofits, and evaluating environmental, regulatory, and regional economic impacts. In addition, the feasibility of technology adoption, and the public's perception of the benefits and costs of coal usage was studied. A coal market analysis was completed. PHASE I11Work continued on the refmement and optimization of coal grinding and MCWM Work in Phase I I I focused on coal preparation studies, emissions reductions, and economic Coal preparation studies were focused on specific coal-cleaning options and their associated analyses of coal use.ancillary operations and integration of processingkleaning operations for overall system optimization.Emissions reductions investigations included algal studies for trace metal capture and C02 uptake.The economic study focused on determining cost and market penetration, selection of incentives, and regional economic impacts of coal-based fuel technologies. In addition DODs fuel mix is being determined and a national energy portfolio is being constructed. 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.10 r . I... ' 7 . .-. L I LIST OF FIGURESFIGURE 1-1. FIGURE 1-2. FIGURE 1-3. FIGURE 2-1. FIGURE 2-2 FIGURE 2-3 FIGURE 2-4 FIGURE 2-5 mGURE 2-6 FIGURE 2-7 FIGURE 2-8 FIGURE 2-9 FIGURE 3-1.FIGURE 3-2.FIGURE 3-3. HGURE [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] FIGURE 3-31 FIGURE 7-1 FIGURE 7-2 FIGURE 7-3 FIGURE 7-4 FIGURE 7-5 FIGURE 7-6 FIGURE 7-7 FIGURE 7-8 FIGURE 7-9 FIGURE 7-10 FIGURE 7-1 1...