Today, the task of assessing the health risk with the analysis of laboratory studies of the population living in the zone of oil production objects influence, taking into account the real background air pollution, is urgent. Purpose: assessment of public health risk from oil production facilities, taking into account changes in laboratory parameters of humoral immunity of residents. The health risk assessment was carried out under the condition of inhalation consumption of substances by the adult population in accordance with R 2.1.10.1920–04 «Guidelines for assessing the risk to public health when exposed to chemicals that pollute the environment». An adult population living in three villages closest to oil production facilities (1–2 km) was examined, with the determination of the parameters of humoral immunity in the blood serum: (the amount of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE) and circulating immune complexes (CIC). The standard values of the indicators were used for conditionally healthy people living in the Orenburg region. It was found that the hazard index calculated for the immune system under background exposure to substances contained in the atmospheric air does not meet hygienic requirements in all studded villages. The maximum levels of the additive risk are established in the settlements closest to the oil production facilities. In the population located in the zone of oil production facilities influence, multidirectional changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of laboratory parameters of humoral immunity were revealed. A significant increase in IgE immunoglobulins in blood serum, as well as IgA, IgE and CIC, was established in comparison with the indicators standardized for the region.

Introduction: Petroleum industry is a fundamental part of the economy of the Russian Federation. One of the approaches to up-to-date assessment of human health effects of subthreshold concentrations of pollutants is to determine changes in the immune and hormonal status in people with non-occupational or occupational exposure to industrial contaminants. Objective: To establish body mass indices, hormonal and immune status in workers of an oil producing enterprise and the population environmentally exposed to low concentrations of airborne pollutants emitted by oil production facilities. Materials and methods: The survey covered the population living in the area affected by oil production facilities and 131 oil extraction workers. We estimated the body mass index (BMI) of the subjects and tested their blood serum for the four main classes of antibodies (immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, IgG, and IgE), circulating immune complexes (CICs), and the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (free T4), and cortisol. Results: We established that all the subjects (in both observation groups (workers (group I) and residents (group II), and the comparison group) were overweight but BMI of the industrial workers was within the normal range. We also found that the hormonal parameters did not differ significantly between the groups but the level of the stress hormone cortisol was lower among the workers. IgA and IgE levels were significantly higher in the exposed residents. A high level of circulating immune complexes in both population groups indicates high prevalence of chronic disorders. Conclusions: The study proves the need for an in-depth study of indices of the endocrine and immune systems and a clinical examination of both the exposed population and industrial workers. It is especially important to study the markers of exposure to oil production emissions in the biological media of the general population.

Introduction. High morbidity rates of diseases of the endocrine system and the existing features of drinking water pollution with organochlorine compounds (OCCs) make it necessary to study the mechanisms of the influence of low doses of organochlorine pesticides on public health. The purpose of the study is to study the features of the formation of non-carcinogenic risk in the population associated with exposure to OCCs in drinking water and endocrine disorders, using the example of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under conditions of chronic oral exposure in small doses in the experiment. Materials and methods. According to the results of a comparative hygienic assessment of more than 10 thousand samples of drinking water from centralized water supply in 41 municipalities of the Orenburg region, a rural area with the highest content of OCCs and 2,4-D was identified. There was executed an analysis of the incidence of diseases of the endocrine system, digestive system and metabolic disorders (E00-E90) in the population. The experimental part of the work was carried out on 2 groups of Wistar rats: the 1st group was control, the 2nd group consumed water containing 2,4-DA (ammonium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) at a concentration of 0.015 mg/l (0 .5 MPC). In the blood serum of animals, an analysis was made of the level of hormones: triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid hormone (T4), testosterone and insulin, with an assessment of body weight and epididymal fat. Results. The observation area was established to be characterized by a high level of contamination of drinking water with OCCs and mainly with 2,4-D. Non-carcinogenic risk for the endocrine system (0.005), corresponding to an acceptable level, is significantly higher by 2-4 times (p < 0.05) for adults and children than in the comparison area. The primary incidence of diseases of the endocrine system, digestive system and metabolic disorders (E00-E90) in the observation area (34.88±5.9) is by 2 times higher than the average regional value and 6 times in the comparison area, which indicates the manifestation of disruptive properties 2,4-D and OCCs. The experiment showed that in animals of the experimental group, body weight on day 135 is 10% higher than the control one. An increase in the level of insulin in animals of the experimental group by 70% on day 45 and by 25% on days 90 and 135 of the experiment was established. In the experimental group, on the 45th, 90th and 135th days, the concentrations of T3 decreased by 22%, 5% and 6%, and T4 - by 13%, 12% and 38%, respectively. By the end of the experiment, the testosterone content in the experimental group was lower by 36%. Limitations. The limitations of the study are related to the transfer of the results of experimental data to the studied exposed population and the assessment of only OCCs and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in drinking water without taking into account other environmental factors. Conclusion. The conducted study testifies to the manifestation of the disruptive properties of 2,4-D in an animal experiment, which is expressed by a violation of the mechanisms of metabolism regulation. The results of the experiment showed the intake of small doses (0.5 MPC) of 2,4-D into the body to have an obesogenic effect, manifested in a gain in total body weight and epididymal fat, accompanied by a decrease in the level of testosterone and thyroid hormones in the blood serum.