The article presents the study results of the features of self-assessment and self-image of three groups of adolescents: with a mild degree of renal failure, in the terminal stage (waiting for a kidney transplant) and healthy, who formed the control group. The main results of the comparative analysis of these groups were the identification of similarities or minor differences in the parameters of self-assessment and self-image among healthy adolescents and adolescents with mild renal dysfunction, as well as the identification of statistically significant differences between the first two groups and the group of adolescents in the terminal stage of kidney disease on a number of scales and indicators. These differences are found, first of all, in higher egocentricity, uncritical, in poor, superficial and poorly differentiated representation of themselves in adolescents of the last group. Their self- assessment is low, while the level of claims is high and particularly sharply overstated on the Health scale; there is a significant gap between the assessment of the available condition and the desired one.