Experimental studies were undertaken on the rediae of Fasciola hepatica and on their content in two populations of Lymnaea truncatula snails, individually exposed to a single miracidium and fixed for histologic observations just after their death between days 74 and 81 postexposure at 20 degrees C. The numbers of free rediae and of larval stages per snail increased with the shell height. A constant number of free rediae was observed in snails measuring 11 mm and more in size. There was no limit of increase in number for the different types of larval stages, but these increases were lower for the youngest larval types. The number of larval stages per redia also increased with snail size; it was always higher in the first redial generation than in the following generations. Cercariae were produced by 40%-43% of the rediae contained in a snail: 65%-80% of these mature rediae belonged to the first generation and to the first cohort of the second generation.
Résumé.Les auteurs analysent l'influence de plusieurs facteurs : température, dessèchement du milieu, volume corporel de l'hôte intermédiaire sur l'évolution des générations rédiennes de Fasciola hepatica chez Lymnaea truncatula.Trois générations de rédies s'observent chez Lymnaea truncatula quelles que soient les conditions du milieu. Le nombre de rédies de deuxième et de troisième générations est en relation avec le volume corporel de l'hôte intermédiaire. La température a une action sur le synchronisme de maturation des cercaires pour les rédies des deux premières générations.
Summary.Arguments and proposals for a new developmental interpretation of Fasciola hepatica L. in Lymnaea (Galba) truncatula Muller.
RÉSUMÉ. Lymnaea truncatula infestée par Fasciola hepatica présente une succession de trois géné rations rédiennes lorsque des mollusques de 4 mm de hauteur sont exposés chacun à un seul miracidium et élevés ensuite à 20° C jusqu'au 30e jour post-exposition. L'origine géographique de L. truncatula ne retentit que sur le nombre de rédies des générations 2 et 3. L'origine géogra phique des miracidiums n'a pas d'influence sur le développement de ces générations rédiennes. La succession de ces générations est par contre modifiée chez les mollusques soumis à des infesta tions plurimiracidiennes. A partir de 5 miracidiums pour une seule exposition, s'observe une chute du nombre moyen des rédies affectant surtout les générations 2 et 3 ; pour les rédies des généra tions 1 et 2, il existe un retard de maturation d'autant plus grand que le nombre de miracidiums est plus élevé. A partir de 4 expositions monomiracidiennes successives, on retrouve les résultats précités. La signification de ces observations est discutée.
The effects of some factors on the redial generations of Fasciola hepatica L. in Lymnaea truncatula MüllerSUMMARY. There was a succession of 3 redial generations in 4-mm-high snails individually exposed to a single miracidium and then bred at 20° C during 30 days after exposure. The geographic strain of Lymnaea truncatula only affected the number of rediae of generations 2 and 3. The geographic strain of miracidia of Fasciola hepatica had no influence on the develop ment of these redial generations. The succession of these redial generations changed in the case of plurimiracidial exposures.In snails once exposed to high numbers of miracidia (from 5 to 20), the mean number of rediae per snail decreased affecting especially the generations 2 and 3; the maturation of rediae of generations 1 and 2 was later when the number of used miracidia was higher. The same results were found in snails individually subjected to 4 exposures with one miracidium per exposure.The significance of these observations is discussed.
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